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    15 May 2015, Volume 31 Issue 5
    research and development
    A Multiuser Subcarrier and Power Allocation Scheme to Improve the Performance of Cell Edge Users
    Jianwu Zhang,Fang Li,Fangmin Xu
    2015, 31(5):  95-100.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015112
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    In the OFDMA system,the communication quality of cell edge users decline seriously,due to the same frequency interference from the adjacent cells. To restrain the inter cell interference effectively and greatly enhance the performance of wireless networks especially the performance of cell edge users is one of the goals of 5G mobile communication system. Based on the rate adaptive(RA)criterion,a joint resource allocation algorithm to improve the performance of cell edge users was proposed. The algorithm was separated into two steps with subcarrier and hybrid power allocation respectively. The proposed scheme could maximize link capacity with the consideration of the performance of cell edge users. The simulation results show that the edge user throughput is greatly increased,the throughput of system of mixed power distribution approximation is approximate to the throughput that all users use liner water-filling algorithm. Besides,the proposed scheme reduces the computation complexity.

    Viewpoint focusing
    The 5th Generation of Mobile Internet
    Jintong Lin,Xiaodong Xu
    2015, 31(5):  1-8.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015136
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    The development history of the optical fiber communication,internet,mobile communication and internet of things were reviewed. The features,typical system performances and key technologies of above systems and networks were analyzed. Based on these,the 5th generation of mobile internet was brought forward with the backgrounds,features,key performance indicators and candidate technologies. Parts of key technologies for supporting the 5th generation of mobile internet were analyzed in detai1. The future research directions of above technologies were also discussed. Finally,the related standard activities for the 5th generation of mobile internet were introduced.

    Power information column
    Design and Study on Online Software Defined Networking Controller Performance Monitor
    Xufu Huang,Chuan Liu,Yilei Lin,Yaohui Jin,Xuan Luo
    2015, 31(5):  143-149.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015090
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    With network scale and network traffic growing up,the performance of SDN controller can probably be bottleneck,in order to still obtain correct performance status on dynamical workload,an online performance monitor frame was designed and Lpdex,a controller latency performance metric,was defined. Then a simple prototype of performance monitor was implemented on FloodLight,a widely used controller,after experimental evaluation,controller performance monitor was validated feasible and Lpdex can indicate controller latency performance accurately online with workload varying.

    research and development
    Dynamic Auction Game-Based Reconfigurable Service Carrying Network Construction Algorithm
    Ningning Liang,Julong Lan,Guozhen Cheng,Qin Yang
    2015, 31(5):  82-87.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015106
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    Based on the competition of various applications sharing the limited substrate network resource,an algorithm of dynamic auction game-based reconfigurable service carrying network construction (DAGR)was proposed. This algorithm constructs auction game model which defines services as players and service requests as strategy space. Based on this model,the DAGR algorithm maximizes the total reconfigurable service carrying network (RSCN)revenue. Experimental results show that comparing with the existing algorithms,the proposed algorithm achieves higher construction success ratio,gains higher revenue and occupancy for substrate network.

    Wide operation technology
    Self-Protection Technology for Application-Aware Network Management System
    Fei Wang
    2015, 31(5):  129-137.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015108
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    With the development of mobile operational business,there is ever-growing requirement for centralization of NMSS(network management and support system)and network supervision. At present,increasing devoid of fast and effective monitoring means has taken place,especially on construction of application aware-oriented security system for network management,which could find and deal with problems of NMSS platform before repercussions from user application-aware,thus to improve capabilities of self-protection management and support. Therefore,combined with the rapid development of mobile 4G,the customer experience and system operation for the network from the perspective of the monitoring platform was built,the emergency response capacity of the IT system was enhanced,and the service level of network was promoted abidingly.

    research and development
    Performance of Convolution Codes Based on 60 GHz Inter-Chip Wireless Interconnection System
    Xuehua Li,Siyu Shen,Yafei Wang
    2015, 31(5):  101-106.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015111
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    In order to solve reliability problem in 60 GHz inter-chip wireless interconnection system,the performance of convolution codes was studied from the view of coding gain and energy consumption. The characteristics of CM7.2 channel and received signa1-to-noise ratio(SNR)were analyzed. Combining with channel coding theory,the critical distance was deduced,which was seen as the energy efficiency standard of coding system. On the basis of theoretical research,the maximum communication distance was calculated according to the coding gain which was simulated by MATLAB and the critical distance was achieved according to the circuit energy consumption which was evaluated by QuartusⅡ. Comprehensive considering the coding gain,the energy consumption and the critical distance of convolution codes,the priority coding scheme was proposed,which provided a kind of ECC technical reference for 60 GHz inter-chip wireless interconnection system and other 60 GHz short-range wireless communication systems.

    A Fusion Rule-Based Adaptive Clustering Cooperative Spectrum Sensing Algorithm
    Gongan Qiu,Sen Feng
    2015, 31(5):  88-94.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015119
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    A fusion rule-based adaptive clustering cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm was proposed for meeting the dynamic wireless channe1. Firstly,according to the integration rules of the fusion center,the SNR thresholds of clustering cooperative spectrum sensing model was deduced to satisfy the basic requirements of cognitive radio system. Then,the cluster heads detect the current channel state. They perform the cluster spectrum detection when the instantaneous SNR are better than their SNR thresholds. And they transmit the results to the fusion center for achieving cluster collaboration. Otherwise,all of the CR nodes would perform the spectrum detection in the cluster and send their results to the fusion center respectively. Or they would not participate to detect the spectrum holes and only receive the decision from the fusion center. Finally,the global decision will be made in the fusion center through fusing the detection results of the cooperative nodes. The simulation results show that the proposed algorithm can greatly improve the reports channel resources efficiency under the OR rule,while under the AND rule,the algorithm can expand the spectrum sensing system work range of about 30%,and can select the cluster nodes with high SNR to participate in cooperative spectrum sensing algorithm.

    Topic:4G&5G
    Study on Multi-RAT Coordination in 5G
    Yunlu Liu,Guang Yang,Ning Yang,Zhuo Chen,Nan Hu,Nan Li,Fang Xie,KDA Boubacar,Guangyi Liu
    2015, 31(5):  57-61.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015114
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    It is common to operate more than one RAT of operators,who are confronted with complicated cooperation among multiple RATs,and relative low multi-RAT cooperating efficiency. How to facilitate efficient multi-RAT coordination to improve cooperation efficiency and user experience has become an important research topic with broad application prospects. The research supplements each other with 5G network architecture design. On the basis of analyzing background and research status,key technologies were addressed. A paradigm of logical architecture was given and discussed from multi-RAT point of view. And further solutions of user/core agnostic multi-RAT unified access and seamless mobility were given to shorten cooperation path,reduce complexity of cooperation,and improve cooperating efficiency as well as user experience.

    Wide operation technology
    Discussion of Inter-Cluster Network Performance Optimization in Cloud Data Center
    Duoyuan Jiang,Haixiong Chen
    2015, 31(5):  138-142.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015116
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    Modern large-scale cloud computing tasks often balance the load across multiple clusters. For this reason,to plan the network connecting the clusters and to provide satisfying network performance are of important significance. Based on the description of inter-cluster network performance problem and its resolving process,the inter-cluster network performance optimization was discussed. This case came from a data center for rea1-time large-scale data processing,where the bandwidth was not fully used but severe packet loss happened in case of large-scale concurrent tasks. Based on the analysis of topology,performance bottleneck was located. By building a test environment and the actual testing,the performance bottleneck was found:it was a switch lack of processing power and cache. Finally,the various elements related with the performance were analyzed,and a solution based on increasing the frame length was proposed.

    Topic:4G&5G
    Analysis of 5G Cellular Network Architecture
    Fengyi Yang,Jianmin Zhang,Weiliang Xie,Min Wang,Haining Wang
    2015, 31(5):  46-56.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015117
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    In order to satisfy the various requirements of future network services,5G system should not only broaden the spectrum bandwidth and improve the spectrum efficiency through exploiting new technologies,but also need a novel wireless network architecture. Therefore,the key features of 5G cellular network architecture based on the demands of future network were analyzed and concluded. Meanwhile,a novel 5G architecture was proposed based on the software defined networking(SDN)and network function virtualization(NFV). In addition,the problems and challenges of the proposed 5G cellular network architecture were also discussed and analyzed.

    Overview of Key Technologies of Transmission in Massive MIMO System
    Xi Yang,Shi Jin
    2015, 31(5):  22-29.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015118
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    With the rise of the internet of things and rapid development of the mobile internet business,higher data rate of service is demanded. Due to the ability of fully exploiting the spatial degree of freedom and obtaining good energy efficiency while improving spectral efficiency,massive MIMO has attracted wide attention worldwide. Many challenges are also brought by large antenna array at the same time of acquiring performance gain. For example,the design of transmission scheme in massive MIMO system,the dramatic increase in the complexity of hardware and the complexity of computation and so on. Firstly,some transmission strategies such as joint spatial division and multiplexing(JSDM)and massive beam-spatial division multiple access(MB-SDMA)in massive MIMO system,including their principles and transmission process were illustrated,then massive MIMO demo systems Argos and LuMaMi were presented,and the overall structure and component of the different demo systems were also provided.

    Global Research and Standardization Progress of 5G
    Xiaobei Chen,Kejun Wei
    2015, 31(5):  10-13.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015120
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    The global overall progress and trends of 5G were summarized,including the user trends,service trends in the future,5G key capabilities and the overall work plan identified by ITU and work plan of 5G in 3GPP. In addition,outcomes of EU METIS research project and research progress of NGMN were discussed. Finally,the main outcomes of IMT-2020 Promotion Group in 5G vision,scenarios,key capabilities,overall concept and core technology were introduced.

    Research on Wireless Relay Application in TD-LTE Network
    Jiangbo Dong,Wei Liu,Yunbo Han,Hao Sun,Yanlei Chen,Nan Li
    2015, 31(5):  67-70.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015121
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    Wireless relay can solve the problems of covering blind spots,which was caused by lack of cable transmission,difficult at station site property coordination of macro base station,high-rise block. By two means of actual field test and network simulation,the coverage performance of relay was assessed comprehensively at outdoor coverage and indoor blind spots. By analyzing the distance between relay and buildings,the relationship between relay deployed position height and the interior depth coverage,relay deployment recommendations were given for solving depth coverage gaps.

    Heterogeneous Cloud Radio Access Networks:Principle,Architecture,Techniques and Challenges
    Mugen Peng,Yuan Ai
    2015, 31(5):  41-45.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015122
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    To mitigate the severe inter-tier interference and enhance limited cooperative gains resulting from the constrained and non-ideal transmissions between adjacent base stations in heterogeneous networks(HetNet),and solve the emerging problems including the complex delivery of control signaling and difficult convergence with the existing mobile cellular networks in cloud radio access networks(C-RAN),heterogeneous cloud radio access networks (H-CRAN)were proposed as the promising solution for the fifth generation radio access network. The core characteristics of H-CRAN are to combine the advantages of HetNet and C-RAN,decouple the control plane from C-RAN into the existing heterogeneous high power nodes(HPN),and deploy dense simple remote radio heads(RRH) to absorb huge traffic in some hot spots. The issues of system architectures,promising key techniques,and researching challenges were discussed.

    Wide operation technology
    Study and Application on RF Conformance Testing of TD-LTE Base Station
    Li Gui,Luohui Xia
    2015, 31(5):  107-113.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015123
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    Currently,1ong term evolution(LTE)technology has become the key to the evolution of the whole mobile communication network. The radio frequency(RF)performance of TD-LTE base station,which is the only element in 3GPP radio access network,directly affects coverage,capacity and quality of service of the entire network. Firstly,the system architecture of TD-LTE base station and the related RF testing standard were introduced. Then,on the basis of the research of TD-LTE RF conformance testing,the physical meaning and influence on the actual network deployment of the test items were analyzed. Finally,a feasibility scheme of the base station RF conformance testing was proposed,and the results of some testing items were evaluated.

    Topic:4G&5G
    Evaluation of the Performance and Optimization Advices on 4-Sector Deployment in LTE Networks
    Chen Ma
    2015, 31(5):  62-66.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015124
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    As one feasible way to improve cell site occupation ratio and network coverage with the increasingly scarcity of communication cell site resources,4-sector deployment in LTE networks was introduced. The concept of 4-sector deployment and the related interference problem were studied. Both theoretical and field test evaluation performances were shown to indicate the impact of the deployment to networks. To solve the interference problem of 4-sector deployment,two solutions,single-frequency network(SFN)and radio frequency(RF)optimization techniques were proposed and analyzed. The performance gain of these two solutions were compared in existing network scenarios. With all the studies and evaluation,the final advices on 4-sector deployment and optimization were proposed.

    Wide operation technology
    Design of Intelligent Community System Based on Passive Optical Network and Middleware Technology
    Tiejun Zhao,Ke Lin,Deli Xiu,Weiping Lin
    2015, 31(5):  114-120.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015126
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    According to the actual needs of smart city and community life,the intelligent community system architecture,the smart services platform,the smart services middleware suite,the PON networking scheme for community,and the intelligent community integrated services applications were proposed,which provided a fast and convenient method of application access and deployment for a variety of intelligent community service. On the basis of this intelligent community system,a multimedia integrated information exchange center will be gradually built for better communication between households,the property management company and the external resources,which will bring a safe,comfortable,convenient and energy efficient living environment,and a sustainable modern intelligent community based on smart management and smart home.

    Power information column
    Exploration and Research on the SDN Technology in Electric Power Companies
    Ningzhe Xing,Shun Wu,Ying Wan,Yadong Zhou,Chengchen Hu,Hongbo Zhao,Weichang Liu
    2015, 31(5):  158-164.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015128
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    Along with the increasing development and the difficulty of network management of data center networks in State Grid,how to manage effectively data center networks in State Grid has become an urgent situation. Firstly,an innovation network architecture called software defined networking(SDN)was introduced. Then,a comprehensive survey on deployment strategies of SDN in the traditional data center networks was given. Finally,the deployment of cloud clients has been taken as an example to present a deployment of SDN in State Grid especially in the desktop cloud pool system,and the planned strategies and feasibility analysis were depicted.

    research and development
    Virtural Realtime Services:Infrastructure,Algorithms and Evolution Path
    Wei Chen
    2015, 31(5):  71-81.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015129
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    A virtual rea1-time service infrastructure for future wireless access,which is capable of efficiently using the idle timeslots or renewable energy distributed in the“negative time-axis”before users’ transmission requests was proposed. By using these idle timeslots,the information content in which users might be interested can be pushed to the end devices’ buffers in a multicasting manner before a user requests the content. The end devices’ algorithm which determines which content should be buffered was standardized. Hence,the base-station may locally predict what have been buffered in the users’ devices,and determine whether it should push and which content to transmit. Meanwhile,a number of key algorithms for virtual rea1-time service were proposed and analyzed,an evolution path toward virtual rea1-time service along with its major problems was also presented. Chen’s program was proposed to guide the development of the virtual rea1-time service related emerging industry and technologies.

    Topic:4G&5G
    Research on Large Scale Antenna Arrays for 5G Mobile Communication Technology
    Feng Gao,Kai He,Zhiyuan Song,Wentao Zhu,Lifang Wang,Peng Gao
    2015, 31(5):  30-35.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015130
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    The basic conception,background and development of the fifth-generation(5G)mobile communication technology were described. As the key technology of 5G,the research of large scale antenna arrays attracts more and more attention. Thus the basic principle of two-dimensional and three-dimensional array antennas was presented. And on this basis,the tightly coupled phased arrays(TCPA)were introduced. Due to the good properties such as wide in band and small in size,this kind of arrays become a promising candidate for the 5G large scale array antennas. A high-performance 5×5 tightly coupled phased array was designed and simulated.

    Wide operation technology
    System Optimization Strategy of Alarm Storm
    Wen Gan,Feng Wen,Dapeng Gong,Tan Xu,Fuguang Huang,Jian Zhang,Lei Su
    2015, 31(5):  121-128.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015132
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    For a long time,with the expansion of the network,the alarm storm has been the focus and difficulty of telecommunication network management. Through the study of daily experience of the existing alarm accumulation,including fusion of hardware structure adjustment,software adjustment,middleware configuration optlmization,and optimize the allocation of method to obtain a set of solving ways of the alarm storm was obtained,providing the experience for telecom operators to solve such problems.

    Power information column
    Application Research on Wireless Communication Private Network of Distrbution Power Grid for Special Areas
    Zhihua Guo,Xiaohui Xue,Na Li,Jiangfei Wan,Ping Chen,Xi Lin,Qinfeng Jing
    2015, 31(5):  165-172.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015134
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    The research in wireless communication network construction and application for power grid distribution and consumption were focused on. The needs and urgency of wireless network construction in the less complex areas were analyzed. The function,performance and economical requirement of the power grid wireless network was explored,including the comparison of common kinds of wireless network combining the needs of distribution and consumption in power grid. LTE230 system has been recommended for power grid wireless communication network. As the result,the way of construction and application model for promoting the social stability and harmonious sustainable development was given.

    Topic:4G&5G
    Software Defined User Centric 5G Wireless Network Framework
    Hua Qu,Zhirong Luan,Jihong Zhao,Xiguang Xu,Tao Zhang
    2015, 31(5):  36-40.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015051
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    The radio access network of 5G is a complex heterogeneous network.The independence of different protocols limits the network performance. To unify the management of the heterogeneous network and provide personalized service,a software defined user centric framework was provided. Such framework unifies the management of the heterogeneous network by the idea of software define,and it breaks the concept of traditional ce11.The user centric cell is formulated for each user to provide better service and all the base stations in the cell can serve this user. This framework provides personalized service for each user and improves the peak rate as well as the cell edge rate.

    Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Technology for 5G Systems
    Qi Bi,Lin Liang,Shan Yang,Peng Chen
    2015, 31(5):  14-21.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015137
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    To meet the 5G requirements on spectral efficiency and number of connections,non-orthogonal multiple access(NMA)technology is becoming an important candidate technology.It was shed light on how NMA can be used to further improve spectral efficiency over OMA,in order to achieve the multiple user channel capacity.Detailed analysis were given on the design principle,signal processing and resultant performance gain of three typical NMA schemes including power-domain,constellation-domain and code-domain NMA.Furthermore,network operating aspects for NMA like deployment scenarios,system design impact as well as network backward compatibility were presented.

    Electric power information column
    Research and Design of Intelligent Substation of Assist Control System Based on Internet of Things and Three-Dimensional Visualization Technology
    Sirui Pang,Hongfei Xu,Jianwen Du,Xuemei Li
    2015, 31(5):  173-176.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015138
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    With the rapid development of the internet of things and three-dimensional visualization technology,the intelligent substation of assist control system based on internet of things and three-dimensional visualization technology is one of the most popular research issues. The intelligent substation architecture was introduced,and the design and function of intelligent substation of assist control system were proposed. It provided a reference for operation and management of intelligent substation.

    Power information column
    Research on Business Requirement Analysis and Network Architecture of CDN for Power Grid
    Yirong Wang,Sining Wang,Ying Zou,Botao Yu
    2015, 31(5):  150-757.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2015139
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    During the“Twelfth Five Year Plan”,with the continuous deepening development of the SGCC information s ystem,the number of large management information system of one-1evel deployment continues to increase,wide coverage,1arge number of users,and new technologies such as the software-hardware resource pool and the cloud computing,brings new challenge to the data network. CDN(content delivery network)is a virtual network consists of the node server group distributed in different regions. CDN push/pull the information resources to the network edge,allow customers to access content faster. A profound analysis of the demand for the electric power information business accelerating,power CDN network load requirements,and key technology,was given. Based on the electric power information system architecture and the electric power data network,the electric power CDN network system was put forward,which had two levels network architecture and three layers CDN network storage architecture. The CDN network safety protection requirements were analyzed;the electric power CDN control platform and the electric power CDN test bed were designed and developed.

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Sponsored by: China Institute of Communications
Posts and Telecom Press Co., Ltd.
Publisher: Beijing Xintong Media Co., Ltd.
Editor-in-Chief: Chen Shanzhi
Editorial Director: Li Caishan
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