IRS辅助的SWIPT系统中基于能效优先的波束成形设计与优化

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022001

电信科学 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (1): 36-46.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022001

IRS辅助的SWIPT系统中基于能效优先的波束成形设计与优化

许晓荣¹, 朱薇薇¹, 包建荣¹, 朱卫平², 冯维¹, 姚英彪¹

¹ 杭州电子科技大学通信工程学院，浙江杭州 310018
² 康考迪亚大学电子与计算机工程系，加拿大蒙特利尔 H3G1M8

修回日期:2021-11-17 出版日期:2022-01-20 发布日期:2022-01-01
作者简介:许晓荣（1982- ），男，博士，杭州电子科技大学副教授、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为智能反射面辅助的无线携能通信波束成形设计与优化、认知无线网络与认知无线携能通信中的资源分配与物理层安全技术等
朱薇薇（1997- ），女，杭州电子科技大学硕士生，主要研究方向为智能反射面辅助的无线携能通信波束成形设计与优化等
包建荣（1978- ），男，博士，杭州电子科技大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为智能反射面通信、基于移动卫星星座系统的海洋通信、深空通信信道编码理论等
朱卫平（1960- ），男，博士，加拿大康考迪亚大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为无线通信信号检测与估计、智能反射面辅助的无线携能通信自适应波束成形设计、人工智能与神经网络信号处理等
冯维（1984- ），女，博士，杭州电子科技大学讲师，主要研究方向为无线携能通信与无线多跳网络中的资源分配与物理层安全技术等
姚英彪（1976- ）, 男，博士，杭州电子科技大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为无线携能通信与无线传感器网络中的资源管理与高能效传输等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(U1809201);国家留学基金委公派访问学者资助项目(202108330152);浙江省自然科学基金一般项目(LY19F010011);浙江省教育厅科研项目(Y202044430);杭州电子科技大学“优秀骨干教师支持计划”人才项目

Energy-efficiency priority based beamforming design and optimization in IRS-assisted SWIPT system

Xiaorong XU¹, Weiwei ZHU¹, Jianrong BAO¹, Weiping ZHU², Wei FENG¹, Yingbiao YAO¹

¹ School of Communication Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Concordia University, Montreal H3G1M8, Canada

Revised:2021-11-17 Online:2022-01-20 Published:2022-01-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1809201);China Scholarship Council (CSC) Supported Visiting Scholar Program(202108330152);Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(LY19F010011);Scientific Research Project of Department of Education of Zhejiang Province(Y202044430);Excellent Backbone Teacher Support Program in Hangzhou Dianzi University

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

摘要：以智能反射面（intelligent reflecting surface，IRS）辅助的无线携能通信（simultaneous wireless information and power transfer，SWIPT）系统为背景，研究了该系统中基于能效优先的多天线发送端有源波束成形与IRS无源波束成形联合设计与优化方法。以最大化接收端的最小能效为优化目标，构造在发送端功率、接收端能量阈值、IRS相移等多约束下的非线性优化问题，用交替方向乘子法（alternating direction method of multipliers， ADMM）求解。采用Dinkelbach算法转化目标函数，通过奇异值分解（singular value decomposition，SVD）和半定松弛（semi-definite relaxation，SDR）得到发送端有源波束成形向量。采用SDR得到IRS相移矩阵与反射波束成形向量。结果表明，该系统显著降低了系统能量收集（energy harvesting，EH）接收端的能量阈值。当系统总电路功耗为-15 dBm时，所提方案的用户能效为300 KB/J。当IRS反射阵源数与发送天线数均为最大值时，系统可达最大能效。

关键词: 智能反射面, 无线携能通信, 能效优先, 波束成形, 交替方向乘子法

Abstract:

Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) system is set as research background.Joint design and optimization of energy-efficiency priority based active beamforming at multi-antenna transmitter and passive beamforming at IRS were investigated.The optimization objective was to maximize minimum energy-efficiency, which was subject to transmitter power control, energy constraint at energy harvesting (EH) receiver and IRS phase shift constraint.Alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) was implemented to solve this non-linear non-convex optimization problem.Firstly, the fraction objective function was transformed via Dinkelbach’s approach.Singular value decomposition (SVD) andsemi-definite relaxation (SDR) were applied to obtain active beam forming vector at transmitter.Simulation results indicate that, IRS assisted SWIPT could significantly reduce energy threshold at EH receiver.The achievable energy-efficiency of the proposed strategy is 300 KB/J when total circuit power consumption is -15 dBm.Maximum energy-efficiency can be achieved with the maximum numbers of passive reflecting elements and transmitter antennas.

Key words: intelligent reflecting surface, simultaneous wireless information and power transfer, energy-efficiency priority, beamforming, alternating direction method of multipliers

中图分类号:

TN929

许晓荣, 朱薇薇, 包建荣, 朱卫平, 冯维, 姚英彪. IRS辅助的SWIPT系统中基于能效优先的波束成形设计与优化[J]. 电信科学, 2022, 38(1): 36-46.

Xiaorong XU, Weiwei ZHU, Jianrong BAO, Weiping ZHU, Wei FENG, Yingbiao YAO. Energy-efficiency priority based beamforming design and optimization in IRS-assisted SWIPT system[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2022, 38(1): 36-46.

图/表 8

图1

表1

系统参数"

符号	定义	符号	定义
M	ST天线数	L	IRS反射阵源数
$H_{SI}$	ST到IRS信道矩阵	$G = diag (q_{1}, \dots, q_{l}, \dots, q_{L})$	IRS相移对角阵
$h_{{Sr}_{i}}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	ST到 ${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 信道增益	$h_{{Ir}_{i}}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	IRS到 ${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 信道增益
$g_{{Sr}_{j}}, j = 1, 2, \dots, K_{E}$	ST到 ${SR}_{{EH}_{i}}$ 信道增益	$g_{{Ir}_{j}}, j = 1, 2, \dots, K_{E}$	IRS到 ${SR}_{{EH}_{i}}$ 信道增益
β	反射系数幅度（最大发射增益β=1）	$θ = (θ_{1}, θ_{2}, \dots, θ_{L})$	反射系数相移向量
$w_{i}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	ST到 ${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 波束成形向量	$s_{i}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 接收信号
$s_{E}$	ST发射能量向量	$R_{i} {\| w_{i} \|, θ}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 可达速率
$Q_{j} {\| w_{i} \|, S_{E}, θ}, j = 1, 2, \dots, K_{E}$	${SR}_{{EH}_{i}}$ 收集的能量	$γ_{i} {\| w_{i} \|, θ}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 接收SINR
ζ	发射功放效率	P_C	系统总电路功耗
P_t	系统总功耗	${EE}_{i}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 能效
$Γ_{j}, j = 1, 2, \dots, K_{E}$	${SR}_{{EH}_{i}}$ 能量收集门限	$σ_{i}^{2}, i = 1, 2, \dots, K_{I}$	${SR}_{{ID}_{i}}$ 接收到的AWGN噪声功率
P_max	ST发射功率门限	B	带宽

表1

表2

仿真参数设置[3,7]"

参数	数值	参数	数值
L/个	25/15	P_max/dBm	1
M /条	8/4	$α_{H_{SI}}$	2
$σ_{i}^{2}$ /dBm	-80	$α_{h_{{ir}_{i}}}$	2
P_C/dBm	-5/-15	$α_{h_{{Sr}_{i}}}$	2
d_SI/m	50	d _v /m	2

表2

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

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IRS辅助的SWIPT系统中基于能效优先的波束成形设计与优化

Energy-efficiency priority based beamforming design and optimization in IRS-assisted SWIPT system

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