一种针对能耗优化的车联网计算卸载方案

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2023189

电信科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (10): 29-40.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2023189

• 研究与开发 • 上一篇

一种针对能耗优化的车联网计算卸载方案

高文轩¹, 杨新杰¹^,²

¹ 宁波大学信息科学与工程学院，浙江宁波 315211
² 网络与交换技术全国重点实验室（北京邮电大学），北京 100876

修回日期:2023-09-28 出版日期:2023-10-01 发布日期:2023-10-01
作者简介:高文轩（1998- ），男，宁波大学硕士生，主要研究方向为车联网系统的资源管理和性能优化
杨新杰（1971- ），男，宁波大学信息科学与工程学院教授、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为下一代移动通信系统架构、移动物联网接入技术、协作中继网络性能等
基金资助:
宁波市自然科学基金资助项目(2019A610073);网络与交换技术全国重点实验室（北京邮电大学）开放课题资助项目(SKLNST-2021-1-12)

A computation offloading scheme for energy consumption optimization in Internet of vehicles

Wenxuan GAO¹, Xinjie YANG¹^,²

¹ Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Ningbo University, Ningbo 315211, China
² State key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology (Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications), Beijing 100876, China

Revised:2023-09-28 Online:2023-10-01 Published:2023-10-01
Supported by:
The Ningbo Municipal Natural Science Foundation(2019A610073);Open Foundation of State key Laboratory of Networking and Switching Technology (Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications)(SKLNST-2021-1-12)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

车联网环境下面向车辆的应用普遍具有计算密集和时延敏感等特性，引入移动车辆闲置计算资源作为网络算力的补充，可有效缓解边缘服务器的计算负载压力。针对车联网环境中边缘计算卸载的任务分配问题，充分利用RSU、用户车辆和RSU服务范围内移动车辆的计算资源组合，提出一种基于麻雀搜索算法的计算卸载方案（sparrow search based computation offloading scheme，S²COS），用以优化整体系统能耗。此外，该方案充分考虑了车辆移动性带来的服务时间限制以及计算节点出现故障的可能性等现实问题。仿真结果表明， S²COS在处理计算密集和时延敏感型任务时可以满足任务时延要求，并且能够显著降低系统能耗。

关键词: 车联网, 计算卸载, 节点故障, 麻雀搜索算法

Abstract:

In Internet of vehicles (IoV), vehicle-oriented applications are generally computation-intensive and latency-sensitive.Introducing idle computing resources from mobile vehicles as a supplement to network computing power can effectively alleviate the load pressure on edge servers.The problem of task allocation for edge computation offloading in the context of IoV environment were researched.By fully leveraging the combined computing resources of roadside units (RSU), user vehicles, and mobile vehicles within the RSU service range, a computation offloading strategy based on the sparrow search algorithm was proposed and referred to as sparrow search based computation offloading scheme (S²COS), aiming to optimize the overall system energy consumption.In addition, this strategy fully taked into account practical network issues such as service time constraints caused by vehicle mobility and the potential occurrence of computation node failures.The simulation results demonstrate that S²COS can meet the latency requirements for computation-intensive and latency-sensitive tasks, while significantly reducing system energy consumption.

Key words: Internet of vehicles, computation offloading, node failure, sparrow search algorithm

中图分类号:

TP393

高文轩, 杨新杰. 一种针对能耗优化的车联网计算卸载方案[J]. 电信科学, 2023, 39(10): 29-40.

Wenxuan GAO, Xinjie YANG. A computation offloading scheme for energy consumption optimization in Internet of vehicles[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2023, 39(10): 29-40.

图/表 8

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参数	取值
RSU范围下服务车辆数目/辆	5
RSU下发功率PR/W	1
任务车辆的上传发射功率Pu/W	0.2
能耗系数k	10^-27
上传带宽Bu,R /MHz	3
下发带宽BR,i/MHz	2
服务车辆的行驶方向ϑi	[0°,360°]
服务车辆的车速νi/(m·s^-1)	[15,20]
总任务时延限制t^tole/s	0.6
总任务数据大小d /KB	600
RSU计算能力 fR/GHz	6.2
任务发起车辆计算能力 fu /GHz	2.3
服务车辆计算能力 fi/GHz	[1.5,3]
复杂度αu /(cycle·byte^-1)	7 000
RSU通信半径R/m	300
高斯白噪声N0/dBm	-80

一种针对能耗优化的车联网计算卸载方案

A computation offloading scheme for energy consumption optimization in Internet of vehicles

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