5G车联网资源优化分配方案综述

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2023139

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

车联网作为智慧交通发展的必要组成部分，可加快我国智慧交通基础建设，对于智慧城市建设具有重要的现实意义。汽车数量及其产生的海量数据使得通信车辆节点之间的传输冲突率大幅上升，导致通信资源、计算资源短缺等问题，因此，有效的资源分配方案可以保证车联网的通信质量，从而提高车辆通信的可靠性，降低时延。首先分析了国内外车联网对智慧交通发展现状的影响以及当前车联网发展瓶颈；然后针对智慧交通通行效率、安全性方面，分析了当前车联网的资源分配问题；接着通过总结5G技术的优点，分析了5G在车联网资源优化分配管理上的贡献；最后，在车联网通信、计算和存储资源优化分配管理的应用背景下，结合人工智能技术提出了基于5G+V2X的智慧交通发展前景。

关键词: 车联网, 智慧交通, 资源优化分配, 人工智能, 5G+V2X

Abstract:

As a necessary part of the development of intelligent transportation, the Internet of vehicles (IoV) accelerates the construction of intelligent transportation infrastructure in China, which plays an important practical significance to the construction of smart city.The number of vehicles and the massive data generated by them make the transmission conflict rate between communication vehicle nodes rise significantly, and communication resources and computing resources are in short supply.Therefore, the effective resource allocation scheme can ensure the communication quality of vehicle networking, thereby improving the reliability of vehicle communication and reducing the time delay.Firstly, the influence of IoV on the development status of intelligent transportation at home and abroad and the bottlenecks of the development of IoV were analyzed.Secondly, in terms of the efficiency and safety of smart transportation, the resource allocation problem of IoV was analyzed.Thirdly, by summarizing the advantages of 5G technology, the contribution of 5G in the optimization allocation and management of vehicle networking resources was analyzed.Finally, combined with the application of artificial intelligence technology in the context of Internet of vehicles communication, computing and storage resource optimization allocation and management, the development prospect of intelligent transportation based on 5G+V2X was proposed.

Key words: Internet of vehicles, intelligent transportation, optimal resource allocation, AI, 5G+V2X

中图分类号:

TP399

郑成渝, 姚依婷, 梁宏斌, 王磊. 5G车联网资源优化分配方案综述[J]. 电信科学, 2023, 39(7): 124-138.

Chengyu ZHENG, Yiting YAO, Hongbin LIANG, Lei WANG. Review of optimal resource allocation scheme for 5G Internet of vehicles[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2023, 39(7): 124-138.

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参数	传统V2X	5G-V2X
周期传输的典型频率	20～100 ms一次	低至几毫秒一次
最小通信覆盖范围/m	100～320	1 000
负载/byte	50～1 200	50～6 500
最大端到端时延/ms	20	3
数据传输速率/(Gbit·s^-1)	0.1	1