车联网中基于区块链的分布式信任管理方案

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023097

通信学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 148-157.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023097

车联网中基于区块链的分布式信任管理方案

张海波, 曹钰坤, 刘开健, 王汝言

¹ 重庆邮电大学通信与信息工程学院，重庆 400065
² 先进网络与智能互联技术重庆市高校重点实验室，重庆 400065
³ 泛在感知与互联重庆市重点实验室，重庆 400065

修回日期:2023-01-04 出版日期:2023-05-25 发布日期:2023-05-01
作者简介:张海波（1979- ），男，重庆人，博士，重庆邮电大学副教授、硕士生导师，主要研究方向为车联网、区块链、安全认证等
曹钰坤（1999- ），男，湖北宜昌人，重庆邮电大学硕士生，主要研究方向为车联网、区块链、信任管理
刘开健（1981- ），女，重庆人，重庆邮电大学讲师，主要研究方向为区块链、信任管理等
王汝言（1969- ），男，湖北浠水人，博士，重庆邮电大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为泛在网络、多媒体信息处理等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61901071);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62271094);长江学者和创新团队发展计划基金资助项目(IRT16R72);重庆市留创计划创新类基金资助项目(cx2020059)

Distributed trust management scheme based on blockchain in Internet of vehicles

Haibo ZHANG, Yukun CAO, Kaijian LIU, Ruyan WANG

¹ School of Communication and Information Engineering, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, China
² Advanced Network and Intelligent Connection Technology Key Laboratory of Chongqing Education Commission of China, Chongqing 400065, China
³ Key Laboratory of Ubiquitous Sensing and Networking in Chongqing, Chongqing 400065, China

Revised:2023-01-04 Online:2023-05-25 Published:2023-05-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61901071);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62271094);The Program for Changjiang Scholars and Innovative Research Team in University(IRT16R72);Chongqing Innovation and Entrepreneurship Program for the Returned Overseas Chinese Scholars(cx2020059)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对车联网中恶意车辆识别效率低、识别准确率低带来的安全问题，提出了一种基于区块链的分布式车联网信任管理方案。通过聚合车辆的评分信息，结合贝叶斯推理模型设计了一种虚假信息识别策略。联合车辆历史交互信息以及交通事件信息设计了一种声誉值更新算法，并利用声誉阈值识别恶意车辆。通过路边单元构建区块链，实现了交通数据以及车辆声誉值的分布式存储。改进了传统的工作量证明共识机制，通过事件等级与参与评分车辆数量动态改变矿工节点的出块难度，并利用等待机制使近期出块的节点暂时停止参与矿工节点的选举过程，从而减少重复计算带来的资源消耗。仿真结果表明，所提方案能够有效识别虚假信息，抵御恶意车辆的欺骗行为，提升恶意车辆的识别效率，减少资源消耗，在车联网的分布式信任管理方面是有效可行的。

关键词: 车联网, 区块链, 信任管理, 声誉值, 共识机制

Abstract:

Aiming at the security problems caused by the low efficiency and accuracy of malicious vehicle identification in Internet of vehicles, a distributed trust management scheme based on blockchain in Internet of vehicles was proposed.A false information identification strategy was designed by aggregating the scoring information of vehicles, combined with Bayesian inference model.A reputation value updating algorithm was designed by combining the historical interaction information of vehicles and traffic information, malicious vehicles were identified by the reputation threshold.A blockchain was constructed roadside units to realize the distributed storage of traffic data and vehicle reputation values.The traditional proof of work consensus mechanism was improved to dynamically change the difficulty of miner node generating a block through the event level and the number of vehicles involved in scoring, and the waiting mechanism was used to temporarily stop the nodes that had recently blocked from participating in the election process of miner nodes, thus reducing the resource consumption caused by repeated calculations.The simulation results show that the proposed scheme can effectively identify false information, resist the deceptive behavior of malicious vehicles, improve the identification efficiency of malicious vehicles, reduce resource consumption, and is effective and feasible in distributed trust management for Internet of vehicles.

Key words: Internet of vehicles, blockchain, trust management, reputation value, consensus mechanism

中图分类号:

TN92

张海波, 曹钰坤, 刘开健, 王汝言. 车联网中基于区块链的分布式信任管理方案[J]. 通信学报, 2023, 44(5): 148-157.

Haibo ZHANG, Yukun CAO, Kaijian LIU, Ruyan WANG. Distributed trust management scheme based on blockchain in Internet of vehicles[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(5): 148-157.

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参考文献 21

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参数	取值
事件信息真实性判定阈值thr₁	0.5
车辆声誉阈值thr₂	0
哈希阈值thr₃	2 ²³⁷
距离参数调控因子ω₁	0.001
车辆与事件发生地点的距离对评分可信度的影响权重ω₂	0.3
车辆声誉值对评分可信度的影响权重ω₃	0.4
车辆评分所花费的时间对评分可信度的影响权重ω₄	0.3
参与评分车辆数量对哈希门限值的调控因子ω₅	0.05
参与评分车辆数量对哈希门限值的调控参数b₁	3
难度调节参数Dparam	7
车辆声誉值奖励系数RF	0.03
车辆声誉值惩罚系数PF	0.03

车联网中基于区块链的分布式信任管理方案

Distributed trust management scheme based on blockchain in Internet of vehicles

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