基于信道拥塞代价计算的车联网自适应消息发送速率控制方法

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2016202

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

在VANET中，车流量密度的变化以及Beacon消息的发送对信道负载具有直接影响，车流量达到一定程度时会造成信道拥塞，导致协作式安全应用失效。针对该问题，设计了一个基于信道拥塞检测的自适应消息发送速率控制方法。首先，建立一个能精确反映当前信道状态的干扰模型；其次，根据香农信息理论和网络效用最大化理论计算出当前节点在物理层的最优发送速率；最后通过对消息队列的实时监控，根据传输速率的不匹配和传输队列长度的不匹配建立下一时刻信道拥塞程度的代价函数，来自适应调整下一时刻的消息产生率，避免信道拥塞和队列溢出。通过仿真实验表明，该方案以较低的计算时间开销，有效减少通信传输延时，避免信道拥塞，保证数据的可靠发送。

关键词: 车联网, 拥塞控制, 效用, 消息发送速率控制

Abstract:

In VANET,sending beacon messages reliably played a vital role in cooperative awareness and collision avoidance,and changes of vehicle density in real traffic environment had a direct impact on channel load and will cause the channel congestion to a certain degree,thus causing inefficiency of cooperative security applications.Aiming at this issue,a adaptive method based on channel congestion detection to control message sending rate was designed.First of all,an interference model that can accurately reflect the current state of the channel was established.Secondly,according to the Shannon information theory and network utility maximization theory,the optimal transmission speed of the current node in the physical layer was calculated.Finally,according to the mismatch of transmission rate and transmission queue length,the next moment's cost function of the channel congestion degree by monitoring the message queue was established to avoid channel congestion and queue overflow.The simulation experiment shows that the scheme effectively reduces communication transmission delay and avoids channel congestion,ensuring that the data be sent reliably.

Key words: VANET, congestion control, utility, message sending rate control

刘明剑,谭国真,李帅兵,丁男,宋彩霞. 基于信道拥塞代价计算的车联网自适应消息发送速率控制方法[J]. 通信学报, 2016, 37(10): 108-116.

Ming-jian LIU,Guo-zhen TAN,Shuai-bing LI,Nan DING,Cai-xia SONG. Adaptive message sending rate control method based on channel congestion cost calculation in VANET[J]. Journal on Communications, 2016, 37(10): 108-116.

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参数	值
发射功率	25 dBm
SIFS	32 μs
DIFS	50 μs
PHY	32 μs
PLCP	8 μs
竞争窗口W	16
标准发送速率R	10 packet/s
网络敏感度γ	0.001
权重α	0.1
理想队列长度L^dd	2 packet
队列总长	10 packet
车流密度变化区间	0~200 vehicle/km