基于奇偶校验的块误差分散半调水印算法

doi:10.3969/j.issn.1000-436x.2014.12.018

Abstract

Abstract:

A robust halftone image watermarking method was proposed.The method was developed in parity domain based on pixel block.Especially,the parity sum of a pixel block was defined by comparing the average of the pixel block with an image-dependent threshold.By altering the pixel block's parity based on noise-balanced block error diffusion,watermark was spread into the host image.Watermark was retrieved by employing each pixel block's parity and majority voting strategy,not referring to the original image.Compared with the state-of-the-art method in parity domain,the re-sults indicate that the proposed method has high watermark rate and watermark rate flexibility.Moreover,it is capable of extracting watermark directly from the attacked watermarked image without quantizing it into a halftone image.And it can achieve high robustness against common attacks and print-and-scan attack of different types of printers and scanners.

Key words: halftone image, watermarking, parity-match, block error diffusion

Kun XIE,Hai-hong ZHENG,Ping ZENG,Tao GUO. Halftone image watermarking with block-directed parity-matched error diffusion[J]. Journal on Communications, 2014, 35(12): 153-161.

Figures/Tables 17

References 17

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参数	M×N	G	D₁×D₂	PDR
PMEDF	—	—	8×8	11×11
BPMED	1×1	5×5 Rectangle	8×8	—

攻击		PMEDF	本文算法直接提取水印CDR
攻击	直接提取水CDR/%	先转换成二值图再提取水印CDR	本文算法直接提取水印CDR
高斯噪声 0.01	—	100	86.08
高斯噪声 0.02	—	97.53	81.57
高斯噪声 0.03	—	83.25	77.86
高斯噪声 0.04	—	63.11	73.63
高斯噪声 0.05	—	53.37	69.95
椒盐噪声 0.01	67.38	67.38	86.72
椒盐噪声 0.03	—	—	80.08
椒盐噪声 0.05	—	—	74.12
椒盐噪声 0.07	—	—	70.46
椒盐噪声 0.09	—	—	65.58
剪切 20%	89.06	89.06	83.45
剪切 40%	78.27	78.27	75.32
剪切 60%	67.14	67.14	67.41
剪切 80%	56.98	56.98	58.91
JPEG质量因子85	—	100	91.41
JPEG质量因子65	—	100	91.13
JPEG质量因子45	—	100	90.80
JPEG质量因子25	—	100	89.94
JPEG 质量因子 5	56.20	100	89.23
亮度 ?10	—	100	92.53
亮度 ?30	—	100	92.53
亮度 ?50	—	100	92.53
亮度 -?70	—	100	92.53
缩放大小 1 500×1 500	—	—	67.19
缩放大小 1 024×1 024	—	50.37	73.46
缩放大小 768×768	—	51.64	80.88
缩放大小 400×400	—	—	76.64
缩放大小 340×340	—	—	59.94
旋转 4°	—	51.47	86.08
旋转 10°	—	50.27	86.35
旋转 16°	—	—	86.01
旋转 22°	—	—	84.01
篡改	80.74	80.74	78.76
打印—扫描攻击(HPColor LaserJet CP2025,EPSONPerfection1200U)	—	52.17	78.26
打印—扫描攻击(CanonImageRUNNER5000,Microtek MRS-3200A3)	—	—	77.19

Halftone image watermarking with block-directed parity-matched error diffusion

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