面向6G的区块链物联网数据共享和存储机制

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2020211

Abstract

Abstract:

Considering the heterogeneity of various IoT system and the single point failure of centralized data-processing platform,a decentralized IoT data sharing and storage method based on blockchain technology was proposed.The block consensus and decentralized storage of shared data were realized through the PoS consensus mechanism.A block layered propagation mechanism between consensus node and verified node was proposed based on the Gossip protocol.The block propagation delay model and decentralization evaluation model of blockchain networks were derived.The trade-off between the block propagation delay and the decentralization degree of networks was analyzed.The simulation results demonstrate that the block propagation delay and degree of network decentralization decrease with the increase of minimal capabilities of consensus nodes.As an application example,in the trajectory data sharing scenario of confirmed patients,the data sharing smart contract is implemented and tested based on the Ethereum development platform.

Key words: blockchain, data sharing, data storage, block propagation delay, decentralization

CLC Number:

TN92

Yu’na JIANG,Xiaohu GE,Yang YANG,Chengxiang WANG,Jie LI. 6G oriented blockchain based Internet of things data sharing and storage mechanism[J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(10): 48-58.

Figures/Tables 10

References 35

[1]	GIORDANI M , POLESE M , MEZZAVILLA M ,et al. Toward 6G networks:use cases and technologies[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2020,58(3): 55-61.
[2]	ZHOU Y Q , LIU L , WANG L ,et al. Service aware 6G:an intelligent and open network based on convergence of communication,computing and caching[J]. Digital Communications and Networks, 2020,doi:10.1016/j.dcan.2020.05.003.
[3]	ZHOU Y Q , TIAN L , LIU L ,et al. Fog computing enabled future mobile communication networks:a convergence of communication and computing[J]. IEEE Communications Magazine, 2019,57(5): 20-27.
[4]	YOU X H , WANG C C , HUANG J ,et al. Towards 6G wireless communication networks:vision,enabling technologies,and new paradigm shifts[J]. SCIENCE CHINA Information Sciences, 2021,64(1): 1-84.
[5]	YANG Y , LUO X L , CHU X L ,et al. Fog-enabled intelligent IoT systems[M]. Berlin: SpringerPress, 2019.
[6]	PATTAR S , BUYYA R , VENUGOPAL K R ,et al. Searching for the IoT resources:fundamentals,requirements,comprehensive review and future directions[J]. IEEE Communications Surveys ＆ Tutorials, 2018,20(3): 2101-2132.
[7]	JIANG Y N , GE X H , ZHONG Y ,et al. A new small-world IoT routing mechanism based on Cayley graphs[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019,6(6): 10384-10395.
[8]	VERMA S , KAWAMOTO Y , FADLULLAH Z ,et al. A survey on network methodologies for real-time analytics of massive IoT data and open research issues[J]. IEEE Communications Surveys ＆ Tutorials, 2017,19(3): 1457-1477.
[9]	GE X H , ZHOU R , LI Q . 5G NFV-based tactile Internet for mission-critical IoT services[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019,7(7): 6150-6163.
[10]	LING L , ZHOU Y Q , YUAN J H ,et al. Economically optimal MS association for multimedia content delivery in cache-enabled heterogeneous cloud radio access networks[J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2019,37(7): 1584-1593.
[11]	YANG Y . Multi-tier computing networks for intelligent IoT[J]. Nature Electronics, 2019,2(1): 4-5.
[12]	ALI M S , VECCHIO M , PINCHEIRA M ,et al. Applications of blockchains in the Internet of things:a comprehensive survey[J]. IEEE Communications Surveys ＆ Tutorials, 2019,21(2): 1676-1717.
[13]	DANG S P , AMIN O , SHIHADA B ,et al. What should 6G be?[J]. Nature Electronics, 2020,3(1): 20-29.
[14]	DAI H N , ZHENG Z B , ZHANG Y . Blockchain for Internet of things:a survey[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019,6(5): 8076-8094.
[15]	CHRISTIDIS K , DEVETSIKIOTIS M . Blockchains and smart contracts for the Internet of things[J]. IEEE Access, 2016,4: 2292-2303.
[16]	XIA Q , SIFAH E B , ASAMOAH K O ,et al. MeDShare:trust-less medical data sharing among cloud service providers via blockchain[J]. IEEE Access, 2017,5: 14757-14767.
[17]	SHEN M , DUAN J X , ZHU L H ,et al. Blockchain-based incentives for secure and collaborative data sharing in multiple clouds[J]. IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, 2020,38(6): 1229-1241.
[18]	LIU C H , LIN Q X , WEN S L . Blockchain-enabled data collection and sharing for industrial IoT with deep reinforcement learning[J]. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, 2018,15(6): 3516-3526.
[19]	SHEN M , TANG X Y , ZHU L H ,et al. Privacy-preserving support vector machine training over blockchain-based encrypted IoT data in smart cities[J]. IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2019,6(5): 7702-7712.
[20]	WANG S P , ZHANG Y L , ZHANG Y L . A blockchain-based framework for data sharing with fine-grained access control in decentralized storage systems[J]. IEEE Access, 2018,6: 38437-38450.
[21]	NGUYEN D C , PATHIRANA P N , DING M ,et al. Blockchain for secure EHRS sharing of mobile cloud based e-health systems[J]. IEEE Access, 2019,7: 66792-66806.
[22]	SUN J , YAO X M , WANG S P ,et al. Blockchain-based secure storage and access scheme for electronic medical records in IPFS[J]. IEEE Access, 2020,8: 59389-59401.
[23]	JIANG Y N , ZHONG Y , GE X H . Smart contract-based data commodity transactions for industrial Internet of things[J]. IEEE Access, 2019,7: 180856-180866.
[24]	YANG W L , AGHASIAN E , GARG S ,et al. A survey on blockchain-based Internet service architecture:requirements,challenges,trends and future[J]. IEEE Access, 2019,7: 75845-75872.
[25]	LUU L , NARAYANAN V , ZHENG C D ,et al. A secure sharding pro tocol for open blockchains[C]// Proceedings of the 2016 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York:ACM Press, 2016: 17-30.
[26]	ATENIESE G , BURNS R , CURTMOLA R ,et al. Provable data possession at untrusted stores[C]// Proceedings of the 14th ACM conference on Computer and Communications Security. New York:ACM Press, 2007: 598-609.
[27]	DEMERS A , GREENE D , HAUSER C ,et al. Epidemic algorithms for replicated database maintenance[J]. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, 1988,22(1): 8-32.
[28]	NEWMAN M E J . Power laws,pareto distributions and Zipf’s law[J]. Contemporary Physics, 2005,46(5): 323-351.
[29]	SHAHSAVARI Y , ZHANG K , TALHI C . A theoretical model for block propagation analysis in bitcoin network[J]. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 2020PP(99): 1-18.
[30]	AOKI Y , SHUDO K . Proximity neighbor selection in blockchain net works[C]// 2019 IEEE International Conference on Blockchain. Piscataway:IEEE Press, 2019: 52-58.
[31]	MISIC J , MISIC V B , CHANG X L ,et al. Block delivery time in Bitcoin distribution network[C]// 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Piscataway:IEEE Press, 2019: 1-7.
[32]	LIU X J , WANG W B , NIYATO D ,et al. Evolutionary game for miningpool selection in blockchain networks[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2018,7(5): 760-763.
[33]	WU K , PENG B , XIE H ,et al. An information entropy method to quantify the degrees of decentralization for blockchain systems[C]// 2019 IEEE 9th International Conference on Electronics Information and Emergency Communication. Piscataway:IEEE Press, 2019: 1-6.
[34]	KANG J W , XIONG Z H , NIYATO D ,et al. Incentivizing consensus propagation in proof-of-stake based consortium blockchain networks[J]. IEEE Wireless Communications Letters, 2018,8(1): 157-160.
[35]	NIYATO D , KIM D I , KANG J W ,et al. Incentivizing secure block verification by contract theory in blockchain-enabled vehicular networks[C]// 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications. Piscataway:IEEE Press, 2019: 1-7.

Metrics

Recommended 0

No Suggested Reading articles found!

参数	值
区块大小s /bit	2¹³
信道容量c/(bit·s^-1)	100
平均往返时间τ_RTT/ms	100
每个共识节点招募的验证节点所占比例α	0.3
物联网节点计算能力最小值σ_c /Hz	1 000
物联网节点存储能力最小值σ_s /GB	32
共识节点的存储能力阈值Y_c/GB	100
验证节点的存储能力阈值Y_v/GB	60
节点总数N /个	10 000
每比特信息需要的CPU周期数U	1/64
参数β₁,β₂,β₃,β₄	1,1,10,10

节点编号	节点硬件参数	节点账户地址
1	Intel i5-8520U CPU 1.8 GHz	0x9fc70af1ee9be082ed2131cfe812e41dd655c655
2	Intel i5-5200U CPU 2.2 GHz	0xc23b2a7e5a0ef861b6dc54352b0e744816e548d2
3	Intel i5-8520U CPU 1.8 GHz	0x7fe2b3ef45df5a84aec08986add17818b3471d8a

6G oriented blockchain based Internet of things data sharing and storage mechanism

RichHTML

PDF

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 35

Related Articles 15

Metrics

Recommended 0

[1]	Haibo ZHANG, Yukun CAO, Kaijian LIU, Ruyan WANG. Distributed trust management scheme based on blockchain in Internet of vehicles [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(5): 148-157.
[2]	Xuejiao LIU, Qiang ZHONG, Yingjie XIA. Efficient authentication scheme for cross-trust domain of IoV based on double-layer shard blockchain [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(5): 213-223.
[3]	Tao FENG, Liqiu CHEN, Junli FANG, Jianming SHI. Blockchain data sharing scheme based on localized difference privacy and attribute-based searchable encryption [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(5): 224-233.
[4]	Yingjie XIA, Siyu ZHU, Xuejiao LIU. Research on efficient cross trust-domain group authentication with conditional privacy of vehicle platoon under blockchian architecture [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(4): 111-123.
[5]	Baiji HU, Xiaojuan ZHANG, Yuancheng LI, Rongxin LAI. Multi-function supported privacy protection data aggregation scheme for V2G network [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(4): 187-200.
[6]	Li JIANG, Shengli XIE, Hui TIAN. Adaptive resource optimization mechanism for blockchain sharding in digital twin edge network [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(3): 12-23.
[7]	Qianyi DAI, Bin ZHANG, Song GUO, Kaiyong XU. Blockchain network layer anomaly traffic detection method based on multiple classifier integration [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(3): 66-80.
[8]	Pujie JING, Liangmin WANG, Xuewen DONG, Yushu ZHANG, Qian WANG, Sohail Muhammad. CHA: cross-chain based hierarchical architecture for practicable blockchain regulatory [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(3): 93-104.
[9]	Xuejiao LIU, Tiancong CAO, Yingjie XIA. Research on efficient and secure cross-domain data sharing of IoV under blockchain architecture [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(3): 186-197.
[10]	Dongyan HUANG, Kun LI. Research on multi-address time-based blockchain covert communication method [J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(2): 148-159.
[11]	Yatao YANG, Deli LIU, Peihe LIU, Ping ZENG, Song XIAO. BFV-Blockchainvoting: blockchain-based electronic voting systems with BFV full homomorphic encryption [J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(9): 100-111.
[12]	Xia FENG, Kaiping CUI, Qingqing XIE, Liangmin WANG. Distributed anonymous authentication scheme based on the blockchain in VANET [J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(9): 134-147.
[13]	Leixiao LI, Jinze DU, Hao LIN, Haoyu GAO, Yanyan YANG, Jing GAO. Research progress of blockchain network covert channel [J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(9): 209-223.
[14]	Xuewang ZHANG, Zhihong LI, Jinzhao LIN. Privacy protection scheme based on fair blind signature and hierarchical encryption for consortium blockchain [J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(8): 131-141.
[15]	Lizhi XIONG, Rong ZHU, Zhangjie FU. Covert communication method of blockchain network based on transaction construction and forwarding mechanism [J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(8): 176-187.