无源物联网的编码技术研究

doi:10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2023.00340

物联网学报 ›› 2023, Vol. 7 ›› Issue (3): 24-31.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.2096-3750.2023.00340

• 专题：短距无线通信技术 • 上一篇

无源物联网的编码技术研究

杨义冰¹, 许荣涛²^,³, 陈霞², 王公仆¹, 艾渤²^,³

¹ 北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院，北京 100091
² 北京交通大学电子信息工程学院，北京 100091
³ 北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室，北京 100091

修回日期:2023-04-09 出版日期:2023-09-01 发布日期:2023-09-01
作者简介:杨义冰（2000– ），女，北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院博士生，主要研究方向为无线信号处理与移动互联网
许荣涛（1975- ），男，博士，北京交通大学轨道交通控制与安全国家重点实验室副教授，主要研究方向为反向散射通信、5G/6G物理层关键技术
陈霞（1975- ），女，博士，北京交通大学电子信息工程学院副教授，主要研究方向为轨道交通无线移动通信系统
王公仆（1980- ），男，博士，北京交通大学计算机与信息技术学院教授，主要研究方向为无线信号处理与移动互联网
艾渤（1974- ），男，博士，北京交通大学电子信息工程学院院长、教授，主要研究方向为移动通信
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划(2021YFB3901302)

Coding technology of passive internet of things

Yibing YANG¹, Rongtao XU²^,³, Xia CHEN², Gongpu WANG¹, Bo AI²^,³

¹ School of Computer and Information Technology, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100091, China
² School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100091, China
³ The State Key Laboratory of Rail Traffic Control and Safety, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100091, China

Revised:2023-04-09 Online:2023-09-01 Published:2023-09-01
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2021YFB3901302)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

无源反向散射通信技术能让传感器摆脱电池的束缚，避免繁杂的人工维护，有效降低传感器的成本。无源反向散射通信技术已被认为是实现无源物联网的关键技术之一。由于无源传感器节点资源受限，如何利用编码技术提高系统可靠性成为无源物联网的挑战性难题。聚焦无源物联网无源节点的编码和解码技术，首先，系统阐述传统信道编码发展历程，以及现有的RFID信道编码解码方案；然后，选择适合无源反向散射通信技术的3种编码方案；最后，仿真比较这3种编码方案的性能并总结优缺点。

关键词: 无源物联网, 反向散射, 编码

Abstract:

Passive backscatter communication can free wireless sensors from limited-life batteries and heavy manual maintenance, and will also reduce their hardware cost.Passive backscatter communication is one of the key technologies to realize the passive internet of things (IoT).Due to the limited resources of passive sensor nodes, how to use coding technology to improve system reliability has become a challenging problem for passive IoT.The coding and decoding technologies of passive nodes in the passive IoT were focused on.Firstly, the development history of traditional channel coding and the existing RFID channel coding and decoding schemes were systematically expounded.Then, three suitable coding schemes were selected for passive backscatter communication technology.Finally, the performance of these three encoding schemes were compared by simulation and the advantages and disadvantages were summarized.

Key words: passive internet of things, backscatter, coding

中图分类号:

TN919

杨义冰, 许荣涛, 陈霞, 王公仆, 艾渤. 无源物联网的编码技术研究[J]. 物联网学报, 2023, 7(3): 24-31.

Yibing YANG, Rongtao XU, Xia CHEN, Gongpu WANG, Bo AI. Coding technology of passive internet of things[J]. Chinese Journal on Internet of Things, 2023, 7(3): 24-31.

图/表 11

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编码方式	贡献
汉明码^[8]	第一种差错控制编码
RM码^[9]	提高了在码字长度和纠错能力方面的适应能力，译码速度得到了提升
BCH码^[10-11]	第一种可由纠错个数需求构造码结构的纠错码，具有纠正多个随机错误的能力
RS码^[12]	多元最大距离可分的纠错码，其最小距离达到了Singleton 限
Goppa码^[13]	第一种具有好码特性的代数几何码
卷积码^[14]	编译码过程连续进行，不必保证接收到全部码字就可以开始译码，译码时延相对较低
Turbo码^[17]	将卷积码和随机交织器结合在一起，使“随机编译码”成为可能，并在译码方式上完成了从代数译码到软输出迭代译码的转变
LDPC码^[22]	稀疏校验矩阵的分组纠错码，且性能优于Turbo码
Polar码^[24]	第一种能够被严格证明在二进制输入对称离散无记忆信道下达到信道容量的编码，并具有线性复杂度的编译能力

参数	Type A	Type B	Type C	Type D
前向链路编码	PIE	Manchester	PIE	—
反向链路编码	FM0	FM0	FM0/Miller	PPE/Miller (M=2)

数据位	编码结果
“0”	x₀=[1,+1]
“1”	x₁=[+1,1]

无源物联网的编码技术研究

Coding technology of passive internet of things

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