面向区块链贸易系统的无管理者安全模型

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436X.2020235

通信学报 ›› 2020, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (12): 36-46.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436X.2020235

所属专题：区块链

面向区块链贸易系统的无管理者安全模型

黄龙霞¹, 王良民¹, 张功萱²

¹ 江苏大学计算机科学与通信工程学院，江苏镇江 212013
² 南京理工大学计算机科学与技术学院，江苏南京 210094

修回日期:2020-10-25 出版日期:2020-12-25 发布日期:2020-12-01
作者简介:黄龙霞（1991- ），女，江苏泰州人，博士，江苏大学讲师，主要研究方向为信息安全、云存储安全、区块链安全等。
王良民（1977- ），男，安徽潜山人，博士，江苏大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为密码学与安全协议、物联网安全、大数据安全等。
张功萱（1961- ），男，江西景德镇人，南京理工大学教授、博士生导师，主要研究方向为云计算、无线传感网、可信计算等。
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划基金资助项目(2017YFB1400700);江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK20200888);国家自然科学基金资助项目(61702230);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62002139);中国博士后科学基金资助项目(2019M651738);江苏省高等学校自然科学研究基金资助项目(19KJB510021)

Security model without managers for blockchain trading system

Longxia HUANG¹, Liangmin WANG¹, Gongxuan ZHANG²

¹ School of Computer Science and Communication Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
² School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science ＆Technology, Nanjing 210094, China

Revised:2020-10-25 Online:2020-12-25 Published:2020-12-01
Supported by:
The National Key Research and Development Program of China(2017YFB1400700);The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20200888);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61702230);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62002139);The China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2019M651738);The Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(19KJB510021)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对传统集中式贸易系统中管理者滥用权力问题，提出面向区块链贸易系统的无管理者安全模型，同时解决去管理者的贸易系统由于管理员缺失导致的背书安全、贸易不及时、验证低效、动态低效等问题。所提安全模型基于区块链技术解决传统贸易系统中的中心化集权的问题，采用基于同态认证的公开审计技术实现了无管理者的安全背书、背书密钥更新及贸易的高效验证，引入基于信誉的激励机制保证了贸易的及时性。最后，通过安全证明与性能分析表明了所提安全模型的安全性和可靠性，通信和计算开销均低于IPANM。

关键词: 区块链, 贸易系统, 安全模型, 无管理者, 激励机制

Abstract:

In view of the abuse of power by managers in the traditional centralized trading system, a security model without managers for the blockchain-based trading system was proposed, which also solved the problems of unsafe endorsement, untimely trading, low auditing efficiency and dynamic inefficiency caused by the elimination of managers.The proposed security model realized decentralization based on the blockchain technology, by using homomorphic authentication-based public auditing to achieve the secure endorsement and key updating for non-manager groups and efficient verification for transaction information respectively, introducing the reputation-based incentive mechanism to ensure the timeliness of the transaction.Finally, the security and reliability of the proposed security model were demonstrated by security proof and performance analysis, and the communication and computing costs are both lower than IPANM.

Key words: blockchain, trading system, security model

中图分类号:

TN918.1

黄龙霞, 王良民, 张功萱. 面向区块链贸易系统的无管理者安全模型[J]. 通信学报, 2020, 41(12): 36-46.

Longxia HUANG, Liangmin WANG, Gongxuan ZHANG. Security model without managers for blockchain trading system[J]. Journal on Communications, 2020, 41(12): 36-46.

图/表 10

图1

图2

表1

符号及其含义"

符号	含义
$G, Z_{q}$	群，素数域
$({sk}_{a}, {pk}_{a})$	实体P_a的密钥对
$θ_{a}$	实体P_a的信誉值
${tx}_{a}$	贸易提案的参数列表
$r_{m}$	模拟结果
${(r_{m}, ρ_{e}, P_{e})}_{e \in Δ}$	贸易提案的模拟执行结果
$ν_{j}, Θ_{j}, β_{j}$	排序值，贸易信誉值及权重
$T_{j}, α_{j}$	时间戳值及权重
${< γ, s_{γ} >}_{γ \in I}$	挑战信息的集合
$w_{i}$	事件e_i 对应的权重值
$E, W, V$	事件集合，权重集合，验证结果

表1

表2

表3

计算开销"

方案阶段	计算开销
背书签名阶段	${Exp}_{G_{1}} + (\| Δ \| - 1) {Mul}_{G_{1}}$
	证明生成	$({ID}_{a}, {SC}_{a}, m, T, σ_{m})$
贸易验证阶段	证明验证	$2 Pair + c {Exp}_{Z_{q}} + {Exp}_{G_{1}} + c {Mul}_{G_{1}}$
	合计	$\begin{array}{l} 2 Pair + c {Exp}_{Z_{q}} + (c + 1) {Exp}_{G_{1}} + \\ (3 c - 1) {Mul}_{G_{1}} \end{array}$

表3

表4

通信开销"

算法	通信开销	对应内容
算法2	$3 \| id \| + \| Z_{q} \| + \| G_{1} \|$	$({ID}_{a}, {SC}_{a}, m, T, σ_{m})$
算法3	$\| Δ \| (\| id \| + \| Z_{q} \| + 2 \| G_{1} \|)$	$(r_{m}, ρ_{e_{ζ}}, P_{e_{ζ}})$
算法4	$\| id \| + \| Z_{q} \| + 2 \| G_{1} \|$	${r_{m}, ρ_{e}, P_{a}}$
算法6	$2 c \| Z_{q} \| + c \| G_{1} \|$	${< γ, s_{γ} >}_{γ \in I}, (S, P)$

表4

图3

图4

图5

图6

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符号	含义
Exp_X，Mul_X	群和域中的幂、乘操作
hash，Hash	域和群中的哈希操作
Pair	对操作
\| A\|	元素A的大小

面向区块链贸易系统的无管理者安全模型

Security model without managers for blockchain trading system

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