卫星互联网星间激光通信的分析及建议

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2024033

Abstract

Abstract:

Satellite communication and terrestrial mobile communication have strong complemented co-benefits.Satellite Internet is the hot spot supporting current industrial development and an important part of the future 6G network.Global coverage requires interstellar networking, but inter-satellite communication bandwidth requirements and the instability brought by the free space channel pose new challenges to the space bearer network.Inter-satellite communication technologies and link interface technologies were compared and analyzed.An optical transport network (OTN) carrier network solution based on inter-satellite laser was proposed, which could fully leverage the advantages of the maturities and the economies of the scaled ground optical communication.It constructs a satellite-terrestrial integrated network with strong cost-efectivity, compatibility, and scalability.Finally, the technological directions and evolutions of the inter-satellite laser communication were discussed, and suggestions for industrial development in China were proposed.

Key words: satellite Internet, inter-satellite laser communication, OTN, satellite-terrestrial integrated network, 6G

CLC Number:

TN927.2

Shanzhi CHEN, Zhiwen FAN, Jiade JIN, Yun CAO. Analysis and suggestions on inter-satellite laser communication of satellite Internet[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2024, 40(2): 1-10.

Figures/Tables 7

References 9

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特性	星间微波通信	星间激光通信
电磁波长	30 mm～3 m	0.7～1.6 μm
可用带宽	较大（40 GHz）	极大（100 THz）
频带管制	有	无
传输速率	低（300 Mbit/s）	极高（400 Gbit/s）
抗干扰能力	一般	强
信号聚焦性	一般	好
功耗尺寸	大	小
持续演进潜力	弱	优
产业规模	较小	大

对比项	星间激光通信	地面光纤通信
传输介质	自由空间	光纤光缆
系统环境	极端温度、强烈震动、高强度辐射等	机房环境，相对稳定
节点移动性	卫星高速运动，收发机需要精准跟瞄	静止状态
链路稳定性	受太空环境、卫星运动及跟瞄精准度影响	受环境影响较小
能源供给	受限于太阳帆板面积、星载电池及星蚀现象	稳定充分
存储处理	能力弱	能力强
系统运维	困难	容易

指标	星间相干探测星间直接探测
传输距离	>10 000 km<2 000 km
灵敏度	相干比非相干高1～2个数量级
调制格式	支持强度、相位、偏振、时间、频率等多维度调制检测仅支持强度、时间维度上的调制检测
传输速率	>400 Gbit/s～40 Gbit/s
高低轨互通	支持不支持
成熟度	技术成熟，长距场景技术成熟，短距场景

对比项	OTN协议	CCSDS协议
可承载业务类型	以太网、SDH网	以太网
映射类型	GFP/AMP/GMP/BMP…	分片、聚合
速率范围	1.25 Gbit/s～1.6 Tbit/s	～10 Gbit/s
交织深度	16	4
测距精度	≤1 cm	≤1 cm
开销区容量	大且灵活	小
隔离方式	硬隔离	软隔离
智能运维能力	高	低

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Analysis and suggestions on inter-satellite laser communication of satellite Internet

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