支持多功能的V2G网络隐私保护数据聚合方案

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2023081

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前隐私保护数据聚合方案的功能不够完善，不足以满足日益丰富的应用需求问题，提出了一个支持多功能的V2G网络隐私保护数据聚合（MFPDA）方案。基于BGN、BLS、Shamir密码共享等密码算法，以及雾计算和联盟链技术，将支持容错、抵抗内部攻击、批量签名验证、不需要可信第三方和多种聚合函数等多个安全功能纳入一个隐私保护数据聚合方案中。安全性分析表明，所提方案满足数据聚合的安全性、隐私性和可靠性。性能评估表明，雾计算的引入能显著减少控制中心的计算开销，减少率可达66.6%；对联盟链的改进能有效减少系统的通信和存储开销，减少率分别可达16.7%和24.9%。

关键词: 隐私保护, 数据聚合, BGN同态密码系统, 联盟链

Abstract:

In view of the problem that the functions of the current privacy protection data aggregation scheme were insufficient to meet the increasingly rich application requirements, a multi-function supported privacy protection data aggregation (MFPDA) scheme for V2G network was proposed.By using cryptographic algorithms such as BGN, BLS, and Shamir’s secret sharing, as well as fog computing and consortium blockchain technology, multiple security functions like fault tolerance, resistance to internal attacks, batch signature verification, no need for trusted third parties, and multiple aggregation functions were integrated into one privacy protection data aggregation scheme.Security analysis shows that the proposed scheme can protect data aggregation’s security, privacy and reliability.The performance evaluation shows that the introduction of fog computing can significantly reduce the computing overhead of the control center, and the reduction rate can be as high as 66.6%; the improvement of the consortium blockchain can effectively reduce the communication and storage overhead of the system, and the reduction rate can reach 16.7% and 24.9% respectively.

Key words: privacy protection, data aggregation, BGN homomorphic cryptosystem, consortium blockchain

中图分类号:

TP309.2

胡柏吉, 张晓娟, 李元诚, 赖荣鑫. 支持多功能的V2G网络隐私保护数据聚合方案[J]. 通信学报, 2023, 44(4): 187-200.

Baiji HU, Xiaojuan ZHANG, Yuancheng LI, Rongxin LAI. Multi-function supported privacy protection data aggregation scheme for V2G network[J]. Journal on Communications, 2023, 44(4): 187-200.

图/表 14

图1

表1

符号及其描述"

符号	描述
$N, G, G_{T}, e, g, h$	BGN公钥
p	BGN私钥
$ω$	用户层的电动汽车/充电桩总数
$σ$	雾计算层的雾节点总数
k+ 1	(k+1,σ)门限秘密共享的阈值
${EV}_{i}$	第i个电动汽车
${CP}_{i}$	第i个充电桩
$d_{i}$	EV_i 的充/放电数据
$C_{i}$	第i个BGN密文充/放电数据
$i d_{{EV}_{i}}$	EV_i 的身份标识
$i d_{C P_{i}}$	CP_i 的身份标识
$S_{i}$	CP_i 对第i个BGN密文数据的BLS签名
$P_{i}$	EV_i 向雾节点上报的数据报告
$T_{i}$	第i个数据报告被打包成的一个交易
$A_{1}$	聚合器对所有密文进行均值聚合的结果
$A_{2} \| \| A_{3}$	聚合器对所有密文进行方差聚合的结果
$A_{4} \| \| A_{5} \| \| A_{6}$	聚合器对所有密文进行单向方差分析聚合的结果
${Fog}_{j}$	聚合器随机挑选的k+1个正常工作的第 j 个雾节点
${id}_{{Fog}_{j}}$	Fog _j的身份标识
$B_{m}^{j}$	Fog _j 对 A_m,m=1,…,6 进行秘密共享计算得到的中间值
$C^{j}$	Fog _j计算得到的聚合密文数据
$S_{_{{Fog}_{j}}}$	Fog _j对聚合密文数据C^j的BLS签名
M	每个充/放电数据大小的上限

表1

图2

图3

图4

图5

表2

表3

Tpl随ω变化的实验结果（M=100）"

ω	k	T_pl/μs	$\frac{T_{pl}}{\sqrt{ω M}} /μs$
10 000	2	37 360.0	37.36
20 000	4	52 976.4	37.46
30 000	6	64 640.1	37.32
40 000	8	74 660.0	37.33
50 000	10	83 405.3	37.3
60 000	12	91 635.4	37.41
70 000	14	98 474.9	37.22
80 000	16	105 952.9	37.46
90 000	18	111 930.0	37.31
100 000	20	118 205.9	37.38

表3

图6

表4

表5

图7

图8

表6

参考文献 29

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方案				功能特性
方案	数据机密性	数据完整性和认证	容错	抵抗内部攻击	批量签名验证	不需要可信第三方	多种聚合函数
文献[27]	√	√	×	√	√	×	×
文献[13]	√	√	×	×	√	√	×
文献[28]	√	√	×	×	√	×	×
文献[8]	√	√	×	√	×	×	√
文献[7]	√	×	×	×	×	×	√
文献[18]	√	√	√	×	√	×	×
MFPDA	√	√	√	√	√	√	√

参数	签名	交易数据头		动作数组
参数	签名	通道数据头	签名数据头	动作数组
长度/B	L_ecd	72	36	φL _A

参数	数据头	链码提案载荷	动作
参数	数据头	链码提案载荷	背书ID	提案响应载荷
长度/B	36	36	8	4ψ

参数		区块数据头		交易数组	元数据
参数	序号	前一个区块的哈希值	本区块数据哈希值	交易数组	元数据
长度/B	4	32	32	ωL _T	48