基于自动选择编码及动态选词策略的文本隐写方法

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022179

Abstract

Abstract:

A text steganography method based on automatic selection coding and dynamic word selection strategy was proposed for the inflexible text coding method and candidate word increasing number leading to the low quality of generated steganographic text.Steganographic translations was generated based on Transformer’s neural machine translation model.In generating steganographic translations, fixed-length coding and Huffman coding were used to establish the mapping relationship between candidate words and codewords, and dynamic word selection based on the probability difference threshold was achieved by calculating the probability difference percentage between steganographic words and normal words.Finally, the size of the two generated steganographic translations Sacrebleu was compared to realize the automatic selection of coding mode.The experimental results show that the proposed method can generate steganographic translations with high fluency and readability.When the embedding rate is 11.19%, the Sacrebleu of the steganographic translation reaches 10.53.

Key words: information hiding, natural language generation, text steganography, machine translation

CLC Number:

TP309

Hui LI, Jiali JIN, Shuyu JIN, Weijiao MA. Text steganography method based on automatic selection coding and dynamic word selection strategy[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(9): 240-253.

Figures/Tables 15

References 40

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BS	α=0	α=0.2	α=0.4	α=0.6	α=0.8	α=1.0
2	27.23	27.29	27.32	27.32	27.33	27.30
4	27.21	27.28	27.38	27.41	27.40	27.41
8	27.20	27.29	27.37	27.39	27.36	27.41
16	26.78	26.93	27.05	27.14	27.18	27.23
32	26.44	26.60	26.81	26.94	26.98	27.07

BS	bpw			Sacrebleu
BS	FLC	VLC	FVLC	FLC	VLC	FVLC
2	1.00	1.00	1.00	14.17	14.27	16.50
4	2.00	1.83	1.89	8.19	10.33	11.89
8	3.00	2.65	2.75	5.23	8.16	9.26
16	4.00	3.46	3.61	3.74	6.77	7.59
32	5.00	4.26	4.46	2.82	5.73	6.41

方法	未嵌入秘密信息	嵌入秘密信息
文献[35]方法	16	9.6
本文方法	27.60	16.72

BS	bpw			ER
BS	FLC	VLC	FVLC	FLC	VLC	FVLC
2	1.00	1.00	1.00	2.95%	2.95%	2.95%
4	2.00	1.83	1.89	5.89%	5.40%	5.56%
8	3.00	2.65	2.75	8.81%	7.83%	8.12%
16	4.00	3.46	3.61	11.74%	10.22%	10.64%
32	5.00	4.26	4.46	14.69%	12.62%	13.17%

方法	隐藏容量
文献[36]方法	0.30%
文献[27]方法	0.33%
文献[37]方法	0.35%
文献[28]方法	0.42%
文献[38]方法	1.0%
文献[35]方法	1.32%
文献[39]方法	1.57%
文献[7]方法	2.45%
文献[40]方法	2.71%
本文方法（BS=2）	2.95%
本文方法（BS=4）	5.56%

Text steganography method based on automatic selection coding and dynamic word selection strategy

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源语句	h_threshold	隐写译文
they know their business better than anyone else.	0.1	Sie kennen ihre Gesch?fte besser als jeder andere.
	0.5	Sie kennen ihr Gesch?ft besser als jeder andere.
	0.9	Sie kennen ihre Gesch?ft besser als alle andere.
I've realised my wrongdoing.	0.1	ich habe mein Fehlverhalten erkannt.
	0.5	ich habe mein Fehlverhalten erkannt.
	0.9	ich habe meine Fehl dass erkannt.
share with us your thoughts in the comments below.	0.1	Teilen Sie uns Ihre Meinung in den Kommentaren unten.
	0.5	Teilen Sie uns Ihre Meinung in den folgenden Kommenten.
	0.9	Teilen Sie uns Ihre Gedanken in den folgendenaren unten.
for the time being, the house is no longer habitable.	0.1	das Haus ist vorerst nicht mehr bewohnbar.
	0.5	im Haus ist vorerst nicht mehr bewohnbar.
	0.9	dasl?ufig ist das Haus nicht mehr bewohnbar.

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h_threshold	BS		bpw			Sacrebleu			ER
h_threshold	BS	FVLC	VLC	FLC	FVLC	VLC	FLC	FVLC	VLC	FLC
0.1		1.00	1.00	1.00	27.33	25.15	25.06	1.67%	1.70%	1.69%
0.3		1.00	1.00	1.00	25.10	22.71	22.63	2.06%	2.07%	2.06%
0.5	2	1.00	1.00	1.00	22.78	20.26	20.19	2.38%	2.39%	2.39%
0.7		1.00	1.00	1.00	20.35	17.75	17.73	2.66%	2.67%	2.66%
0.9		1.00	1.00	1.00	17.89	15.42	15.30	2.87%	2.87%	2.87%
0.1		1.62	1.44	2.00	26.77	24.67	24.16	1.76%	1.78%	1.83%
0.3		1.74	1.58	2.00	23.86	21.39	20.65	2.57%	2.60%	2.65%
0.5	4	1.81	1.68	2.00	20.47	18.02	17.12	3.56%	3.54%	3.70%
0.7		1.84	1.74	2.00	16.93	14.94	13.50	4.50%	4.42%	4.73%
0.9		1.87	1.80	2.00	13.71	11.99	10.02	5.26%	5.11%	5.55%
0.1		2.21	1.90	3.00	26.78	24.18	23.68	1.54%	1.64%	1.49%
0.3		2.47	2.18	3.00	23.65	20.53	19.93	2.56%	2.72%	2.55%
0.5	8	2.61	2.39	3.00	19.60	16.78	16.10	4.22%	4.36%	4.26%
0.7		2.71	2.52	3.00	15.53	13.39	11.77	6.06%	6.04%	6.24%
0.9		2.74	2.60	3.00	11.62	10.09	7.71	7.54%	7.32%	7.98%
0.1		2.60	2.19	4.00	26.63	24.01	23.21	1.23%	1.39%	1.09%
0.3		3.11	2.69	4.00	23.54	20.41	19.70	2.35%	2.56%	2.27%
0.5	16	3.40	3.07	4.00	19.95	16.70	16.08	4.35%	4.66%	4.43%
0.7		3.55	3.27	4.00	15.53	13.15	11.81	7.03%	7.13%	7.24%
0.9		3.62	3.39	4.00	10.62	9.17	7.03	9.56%	9.33%	10.12%
0.1		2.86	2.40	5.00	26.62	23.65	22.42	1.01%	1.21%	0.85%
0.3		3.66	3.11	5.00	23.58	20.44	19.39	2.06%	2.32%	2.04%
0.5	32	4.17	3.70	5.00	19.86	17.03	15.77	4.34%	4.65%	4.51%
0.7		4.39	4.02	5.00	15.83	13.35	11.91	7.54%	7.74%	8.01%
0.9		4.46	4.17	5.00	10.53	8.93	7.14	11.19%	11.00%	11.99%