面向智慧园区的5G室内高精度定位技术研究

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2023172

Abstract

Abstract:

The 5G cellular network not only provides wireless communication capabilities for terminals but also offers positioning functionalities.Firstly, the 3GPP 5G positioning technology was briefly outlined, followed by the proposal of the 5G indoor positioning technology road-map.The cloud-edge collaborative integrated positioning architecture, the 5G+X fusion positioning solution, as well as the 5G positioning solution for smart parks were included, with a detailed analysis of the architecture and process.These positioning solutions seamlessly addressed the issue of locating people or objects in areas where GNSS signals cannot reach, which could meet the positioning accuracy and timeliness requirements in different scenarios.The technology solution has been applied in the industry with meter-level positioning accuracy and second-level timeliness, which has been well evaluated by customers.

Key words: China Unicom Core Technology Research Project, 5G, indoor positioning, fusion positioning, positioning scheme

CLC Number:

TN929.5

Baoyou WANG, Jingtao YANG, Saibin YAO, Haina YE, Zhihui WANG, Qiyuan ZHANG, Junfeng FU, Taishi JIN. Research on 5G high-precision indoor positioning technology for smart parks[J]. Telecommunications Science, 2023, 39(9): 163-173.

Figures/Tables 8

定位技术		定位原理	优缺点
基于下行的	DL-TDOA	终端测量两个基站发送的下行定位参考信号到达	优点：下行定位参考信号可以配置更大的带
定位技术		时间差；利用至少 3 个基站测量得到的时间差确	宽，定位精度较高。
		定两条双曲线，其交点即终端位置	缺点：要求基站间严格同步；需要终端支持高
			精度的测量和上报
	DL-AOD	基站发送多个下行定位参考信号波束，终端测量	目前标准中支持的DL-AOD仅能利用RSRP判断
		参考信号接收功率（reference signal receiving	终端的波束信息，颗粒度较大，定位性能受限
		power，RSRP）；利用至少两个基站测得的波束方
		向，其交点即终端位置
基于上行的	UL-TDOA	原理与 DL-TDOA 相同，为终端发送上行定位参	优点：仅需终端支持上行参考信号发送即可实
定位技术		考信号，至少3个基站测量到达时间差	现定位，实现复杂度低。
			缺点：要求基站间严格同步；定位精度受限于
			终端上行资源和发送功率
	UL-AOA	原理与 DL-AOD 类似，为终端发送上行定位参考	优点：仅需终端支持上行参考信号发送即可实
		信号，至少3个基站测量上行到达角	现定位，实现复杂度低。
			缺点：依赖较高的天线阵子数；对多径敏感。
			尚未得到规模商用。适用于室外宏基站场景
上下行结合	E-CID	终端测量基站发送的下行定位 RSRP/参考信号接	优点：仅靠单站即可完成定位，不受基站间同
定位技术		收质量（reference signal receiving quality，	步精度的影响。
		RSRQ）；或者，基站与终端互发参考信号测量	缺点：若采用基于 RSRP/RSRQ 的距离确定方
		Rx-Tx时间差以得到往返时间（round trip time），	案，定位精度受限；需要同时配置上下行参考
		确定终端所在的圆，结合DL-AOD或UL-AOA得	信号
		到的角度信息，其与圆的交点即终端位置
	multi-RTT	终端与至少 3 个基站互发参考信号，测量 Rx-Tx	优点：不受基站间同步精度的影响。
		时间差以得到往返时间，3个圆的交点即终端位置	缺点：需要同时配置上下行参考信号

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Research on 5G high-precision indoor positioning technology for smart parks

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