基于权力指数的DPoS共谋攻击检测与预防

doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022233

通信学报 ›› 2022, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (12): 123-133.doi: 10.11959/j.issn.1000-436x.2022233

基于权力指数的DPoS共谋攻击检测与预防

付晓东¹^,², 漆鑫鑫¹, 刘骊¹, 彭玮¹, 丁家满¹, 代飞³

¹ 昆明理工大学信息工程与自动化学院，云南昆明 650500
² 昆明理工大学云南省计算机应用技术重点实验室，云南昆明 650500
³ 西南林业大学大数据与智能工程学院，云南昆明 650224

修回日期:2022-10-30 出版日期:2022-12-25 发布日期:2022-12-01
作者简介:付晓东（1975- ），男，云南镇雄人，博士，昆明理工大学教授，主要研究方向为服务计算、智能决策、可信计算等
漆鑫鑫（1998- ），男，湖北黄石人，昆明理工大学硕士生，主要研究方向为服务计算、区块链等
刘骊（1979- ），女，重庆人，博士，昆明理工大学教授，主要研究方向为服务计算、计算机视觉、视频图像处理等
彭玮（1980- ），女，湖南娄底人，博士，昆明理工大学教授，主要研究方向为生物信息学、数据挖掘、机器学习等
丁家满（1974- ），男，江西于都人，博士，昆明理工大学教授，主要研究方向为数据挖掘、云计算、软件工程等
代飞（1982- ），男，四川乐山人，博士，西南林业大学教授，主要研究方向为服务计算、人工智能、软件工程等
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金资助项目(61962030);国家自然科学基金资助项目(62262036);云南省中青年学术和技术带头人后备人才培养计划基金资助项目(202005AC160036);云南省窦万春专家工作站基金资助项目(202105AF150013);云南省重大科技专项计划基金资助项目(202102AD080002)

Detecting and preventing collusion attack in DPoS based on power index

Xiaodong FU¹^,², Xinxin QI¹, Li LIU¹, Wei PENG¹, Jiaman DING¹, Fei DAI³

¹ Faculty of Information Engineering and Automation, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
² Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Computer Technology Application, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
³ College of Big Data and Intelligent Engineering, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China

Revised:2022-10-30 Online:2022-12-25 Published:2022-12-01
Supported by:
The National Natural Science Foundation of China(61962030);The National Natural Science Foundation of China(62262036);The Yunnan Provincial Foundation for Leaders of Disciplines in Science and Technology(202005AC160036);The Foundation of Dou Wanchun Expert Workstation of Yunnan Province(202105AF150013);Major Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Province(202102AD080002)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对DPoS共识机制存在恶意节点通过共谋操纵选举，导致DPoS共识过程中区块链安全性无法保证的问题，提出基于权力指数的DPoS共谋攻击检测与预防方法。首先，借鉴博弈理论中权力指数的思想，构建DPoS的加权投票博弈模型，以分析恶意节点的行为动机。然后，通过异常的权力指数变化幅度进行攻击检测，在预防DPoS 共谋攻击的过程中，加入 Softsign 激活函数抑制恶意节点的权力指数。最后，理论分析与实验验证了所提方法检测和预防DPoS共谋攻击的有效性。

关键词: 区块链, DPoS共识机制, 共谋攻击, 权力指数, 加权投票博弈

Abstract:

Since malicious nodes may manipulate voting elections through collusion attacks in consensus mechanism of DPoS, the security of block chain can not be guaranteed in the consensus process of DPoS.To deal with the problem, a method for detecting and preventing collusion attack in DPoS based on power index was proposed.Firstly, a weighted voting game model of DPoS was constructed based on the idea of power index in game theory, and the behavioral motivation of the malicious node could be analyzed.Then, the attacks were detected based on changing range of abnormal power index.During the process of preventing collusion attacks in DPoS, the Softsign activation function was adapted to suppress the power index of malicious nodes.Lastly, the effectiveness of the proposed method to detect and prevent collusion attacks in DPoS was verified through theoretical analysis and experiments.

Key words: blockchain, DPoS consensus mechanism, collusion attack, power index, weighted voting game

中图分类号:

TP309

付晓东, 漆鑫鑫, 刘骊, 彭玮, 丁家满, 代飞. 基于权力指数的DPoS共谋攻击检测与预防[J]. 通信学报, 2022, 43(12): 123-133.

Xiaodong FU, Xinxin QI, Li LIU, Wei PENG, Jiaman DING, Fei DAI. Detecting and preventing collusion attack in DPoS based on power index[J]. Journal on Communications, 2022, 43(12): 123-133.

图/表 9

图1

表1

符号及其含义"

符号	含义
k	DPoS中的委托节点数量
N	DPoS中的投票节点集合（它的每个非空子集被称为联盟，\|N\| 表示联盟中的个体数量，这里\|N\|=n）
nd	DPoS中的投票节点
n	DPoS中的投票节点数量
W	DPoS中的投票节点对应的权重集合
w	DPoS中的投票节点对应的权重
v	伴随可转移的价值函数
q	加权投票博弈的阈值
（N,W,q,v）	DPoS 中的一个加权投票博弈，其中（N_k,W_k,q_k,v_k）表示第k个加权投票博弈
$S S I$	Shapley-Shubik权力指数
$P B I$	Banzhaf权力指数
M_k	第k个加权投票博弈中最小权重且不参与共谋的节点的权力指数变化幅度

表1

图2

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图8

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基于权力指数的DPoS共谋攻击检测与预防

Detecting and preventing collusion attack in DPoS based on power index

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