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31 May 2022, Volume 38 Issue Z1

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Review

Methodology and standardised competence construction of 5GtoB scaled replication

Pengfei SUN, Li LIN, Zhe SI

2022, 38(Z1):  3-10.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022105

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5GtoB is entering into the period of scaled replication.Without the reference from existing experience and from the pattern of toC industry, it has stepped into no man’s land.Based on theoretical and practical studies, it was aiming at analysing how 5GtoB can be successful from both methodology and standardised competence construction perspectives.Firstly, the methodology framework of 5GtoB success was raised.Secondly, from both key roles and scenario aspects, complex 5GtoB ecosystem was systematically investigated.Thirdly, the standardised competence of 5GtoB scaled replication was examined.Finally, from standardisation aspect, suggestion and perspective of 5GtoB key competence construction was thoroughly analysed.

Evolution and prospect of 5GtoB application in China

Feng PAN, Jiawei LIU

2022, 38(Z1):  11-16.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022102

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5G convergence application is the key support for the digital development of China's economy and society.After more than two years of development, China's 5GtoB application has accelerated to bloom, has achieved a breakthrough from 0 to 1, and the enabling effect is obvious.The development of 5GtoB application needs to be further promoted from three directions: strengthening network supply, reducing application threshold and building application industry ecology.It is believed that in the future, 5GtoB applications will continue to develop and promote the wireless economy to become an important part of China's national economy.

Technology evolution and industry development of 5G + industrial proximity network

Shiying ZHENG, Yuan LI, Bohan YANG, Shuai MA, Shanpeng XIAO

2022, 38(Z1):  17-27.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022104

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In recent years, IoT technology had been widely used in new retail, smart logistics, smart parks, smart manufacturing and other industries, including product management based on RFID, equipment data collection based on short-distance communication, equipment remote control based on deterministic transmission, etc.These communication technologies used for equipment connection and data intercommunication were called industrial proximity network.The concept, development history of proximity network was introduced, and demand for the integration of proximity network and cellular network in the digital and intelligent transformation of verticals was analyzed.Then the architecture, technical advantages and development trends of 5G+ industrial proximity network and its typical applications were expounded, which aimed to provide new ideas for the developing of industrial proximity network.

Analysis on the large-scale development stage and analysis method of 5G industry applications

Shan LI, Jiawei LIU

2022, 38(Z1):  28-35.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022103

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In the two years since 5G was officially put into commercial use in China, the Central Government had made frequent statements and attached great importance to the development and application of 5G.All parties in the industry had made positive progress technical standards, network construction and industrial development, laying a solid foundation for the development of 5G industry applications.The development status and challenges of 5G industry applications were comprehensively analyzed, the pattern of 5G standard and technological innovation transformation was studied, the application development stage and future development path of the 5G industry based on the development rule of each industry sector was analyzed, and the large-scale development of the 5G industry applications was prospected.

Summary of the applications of 5G and industrial internet

Qingmin YU, Ying HUANG, Weiguo WANG, Qian ZHANG

2022, 38(Z1):  36-42.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022106

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As an important direction for the evolution and upgrading of the information and communication industry, 5G has the characteristics of low delay, high reliability and large bandwidth, which closely match the high reliability and low delay requirements of the industrial internet.5G and industrial internet have accelerated the integration, innovation and development, and the industry has carried out multi-dimensional research and practice.Focusing on the five key industries in the development of “5G + industrial internet”, the current development status of “5G + industrial internet” was analyzed from the dimensions of policy, market, technology, products and application.

A survey of semantic applications in communications

Yingzi XU, Yuan LIU, Mengran SHI, Shujun HAN, Chen DONG, Bizhu WANG

2022, 38(Z1):  43-59.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022107

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With the development of artificial intelligence technology and wireless communication technology, the future communication networks for all things intelligent connected uses semantic segmentation, semantic network and other technologies more and more frequently, and the semantic information-based technologies are applied to various fields.Semantic communication is a communication method for multi-agent interaction.By extracting the requirements and information characteristics of agents, coding and transmission, the accurate transmission of semantics from agents can be realized.Firstly, the development of semantic related technology in artificial intelligence was analyzed.And then the application of semantics in communication was summarized.Finally, the application of semantic information in other fields was analyzed, and the development trend of semantics in other fields was discussed.

Perspective

Business model stakeholders and boundary reconstruction of 5GtoB

Ming WAN

2022, 38(Z1):  60-66.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022108

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The advent of the 5GtoB era has brought new opportunities and development to various industries, digitization, networking and intelligence have almost become an inevitable direction for the development of all industries.In such an era, the stakeholders of the business model are facing both opportunities and challenges at the same time.The stakeholders of various business models in the development process of 5G based on the characteristics of 5G technology and industry development trends were analyzed firstly.Based on the discussion and analysis of the business boundaries of various stakeholders, the following conclusions that in the 5GtoB field were summarized, the boundaries of all business model stakeholders are being restructured, expanding outward based on the original business role positioning.It is further proposed that becoming an industry solution provider will be one of the ultimate goals of this boundary reconstruction activity.At the same time, this restructuring of the boundaries of business roles also brings new challenges to business model innovation.

Thinking and understanding of six major problems in the large-scale development of 5GtoB

Shiliang HU

2022, 38(Z1):  67-76.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022109

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In order to better promote the high-quality development of 5GtoB, an in-depth analysis of the six major issues of 5GtoB large-scale development is carried out: the driving force of 5GtoB development, what stage of 5GtoB development, the essence of 5GtoB development, whether 5GtoB can become the second curve of operators, how to innovate 5GtoB business models, and the management support of 5GtoB development.The analysis results show that at present, China's 5GtoB is showing a booming trend and is expected to become the ＆quot;second curve＆quot; of operators.However, at present, the development of 5GtoB in China is still in the development stage of relying on policy-driven as the main driving force, and it is still in the stage of creating industry benchmarking application cases.The essence of 5G development is to do a good job in products and solutions, promote business model innovation, and establish an efficient management model.

A survey of key issues of URLLC in industrial internet of things

Han WANG, Lei DIAO, Mengling WANG, Xin RONG, Jiamin LI, Xiaohu YOU

2022, 38(Z1):  77-92.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022110

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In the age of 6G internet of things, massive terminal devices are connected intelligently to explore environmental information to improve life quality and create a more intelligent world.With the development of economic society and industry, the number of industrial nodes in the industrial internet of things (IIoT) grows at an significant speed.The real-time transmission and exchange of information between these industrial nodes puts forward higher requirements for communication delay and reliability.Under limited time-frequency resources and strict communication quality requirements, in order to ensure ultra-reliable and low-latency communication (URLLC) of massive terminals in IIoT, it is necessary to analyze the existing key problems from the aspects of low delay, reliability, energy efficiency, spectrum efficiency and scalability.In the scenario of IIoT, combined with the characteristics and requirements of URLLC, the key issues of communication in IIoT were studied, including challenges and opportunities in active user detection, random access, resource allocation and convergence of communication and computation.After summarizing and analyzing the key issues and existing technologies, the future research direction was proposed.

5GtoB: innovation path under the perspective of digital transformation

Chao LING

2022, 38(Z1):  93-100.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022111

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Two different business models of 5GtoB were analyzed, the current toB business tend to adopt the project business model rather than the product business model, which will become an important obstacle in the large-scale development of 5GtoB.On this basis, three types of innovation modes in the current wave of digital transformation were analyzed, including process innovation, product innovation and service innovation, and integrating product innovation is the key path for 5GtoB to realize product business model and large-scale development, and service innovation will further expand the application field of 5GtoB and drive the development of platform.

5G empowers digital transformation of industries:scenario, pathway and business model

Keqiang GUO, Feng CHENG, Zhenlong TAN

2022, 38(Z1):  101-107.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022112

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Accelerating digital transformation is an inevitable choice of responding to the call-up of the government, conforming to economic laws and promoting enterprise-self development.5G is the core of the new generation of information and communication technologies, and therefore is the key to the digital transformation of the enabling industry.Telecom operators have carried out 5G application pilot projects with vertical industries.While there are many problems in the application division system of segmented industries proposed by clustering, and the development path and business model of integration are still unclear.To this end, by using two dimensions based on vertical industry and application services, the new system of application scenarios of 5G+industries was presented, and three kinds of 5G+industries convergence development path and mode were presented: the first is a supplement, substitution or upgrade to the original networks for vertical industry, the second is using 5G as the contact and carrier service of computing resource, and the last is to promote industrial ecology fusion profoundly.

Network

Research on accurate and efficient coverage of 5G private network

Jingbo ZHAO, Shilei DONG, Tingyu HUANG, Mengxia CHEN, Peng HUANG

2022, 38(Z1):  108-119.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022117

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5G private network has become a new information infrastructure in all trades and professions because of its customizability, stable performance, safety and reliability.At the same time, due to the industry's higher requirements for business stability, certainty, energy conservation and low cost, 5G private network is urgently needed to achieve more accurate and efficient coverage than the public network.Taking the automated warehouse as a typical industry business scenario, a method to improve the accurate coverage of 5G private network by building a small experimental environment and optimizing the propagation model was proposed.Based on the refined modeling and simulation of the antenna gain of the typical space of the automated three-dimensional warehouse, combined with the test RSRP (Reference Signal Receiving Power) data of the typical space, the propagation model can be accurately corrected.According to the service level agreement (SLA) requirements of the industry terminal, the 5G private network accurate coverage parameters common to automated three-dimensional warehouses of different sizes can be obtained.

5G nomadic deployment proposal of base station integrated with cloud and service

Furong XU, Hang CUI, Tianyi YU, Long ZHANG, Jinxia CHENG, Feng XING, Wuneng GUAN, Jing LIU, Wei DENG, Haiyu DING

2022, 38(Z1):  120-127.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022113

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Emergency scenarios such as floods, mobile scenarios such as open-pit mines, temporary coverage scenarios such as touring competitions have agile 5G network deployment and flexible local application deployment requirements.Existing solutions, such as emergency communication vehicles, drone communications, have three major problems, including inflexible backhaul, unsatisfied service, and incomplete scenarios.In response to the above-mentioned scenario requirements and problems, an innovative nomadic deployment proposal of base station integrated with cloud and service was proposed.It contained smart-simplified wireless coverage unit, smart-simplified backhaul unit, smart-simplified computing unit, and smart-simplified supporting unit.Smart-simplified wireless coverage unit and smart-simplified backhaul unit builded a ubiquitous network.Where there was demand, there was 5G.Smart-simplified computing unit builded a ubiquitous cloud.Where there was base station, there was cloud.Smart-simplified supporting unit realized the flexible movement of 5G network.The 5G nomadic base station integrated cloud and service to achieve flexible mobile 5G network and cloud, which could meet the needs of emergency rescue scenarios, mobile scenarios, and temporary industrial coverage scenarios.

5G SA converged charging project design and practice

Dongfeng MAO, Song JIANG, Qing WANG

2022, 38(Z1):  128-133.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022114

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There are some challenges of direct communication and converged charging in large SA network construction to be solved.A converged charging project based on SCP and customized CG was proposed, following by analysis of how to meet converged charging requirements of large operators.Technology details of several cases and presents target evolution were compared.Finally, the deployment practice in commercial construction was described.

Research on hierarchical service guarantee scheme for 5G network

Zhao SUN, Furong XU, Yantao HAN, Long ZHANG, Jinxia CHENG, Shanshan LIU, Wei DENG, Zhenping HU

2022, 38(Z1):  134-142.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022115

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The digital transformation process of economic society is accelerating.As the first of ＆quot;new infrastructure＆quot;, 5G will effectively enable the industry digital transformation.Facing the diverse needs of the industry in terms of network performance, operators need to provide the industry with hierarchical wireless service levels.Based on the analysis of 5G network performance requirements of industry services, the RAN-based service guarantee capability of 5G network was introduced from three aspects: data rate, delay and reliability.At the same time, based on the demands, various service guarantee technical technologies were combined and associated with network slice ID and 5QI to form a hierarchical service guarantee scheme.By matching industry service demands and network capacities, the integration and development of communication and vertical industry will be better promoted.

Research on external service capability of 5G industry private network

Shuai WANG, Dan CHEN, Yu XIAO

2022, 38(Z1):  143-148.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022119

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Based on industry demand and operator private network model, the overall structure of the external service capability platform, innovative UPF network management data direct acquisition plan was proposed.The platform's industry-oriented terminal management and network management, business management and network capability opening was introduced.Taking the business simulation dialing function as an example, the combination of the external service capability of the private network and the industry business was deeply discussed.The research results will help promote the deeper integration of 5G and the industry.

Research on DNS implementation scheme of 5G enterprise private network

Shaolong YANG, Yingshuang LIU, Yingqi WEI, Yue HUANG

2022, 38(Z1):  149-157.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022118

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How to correctly parse the domain name of the internal and external networks in the 5G enterprise private network? It is a problem that needs to be solved urgently in the construction of the 5G private network.In the UPF sinking networking mode, 5G mobile users cannot use intranet DNS for domain name resolution.Four 5G enterprise private network DNS solutions were proposed and compared.

Research on 5G network deployment scheme for intelligent manufacturing

Hong SHEN, Ling CUI, Tiankui ZHANG

2022, 38(Z1):  158-163.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022116

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Building smart factories based on 5G network and other new generation of advanced information technology is an important way for enabling industrial upgrading and realizing intelligent manufacturing.Firstly, the typical application scenario 5G network in intelligent manufacturing was analyzed and then the requirement of 5G network performance indicators was given.Based on these analysis, the specific deployment scheme of 5G network was design, including the high network capacity and large number of connections, high reliability and low delay, 5G slicing, toC/toB isolation and network security.The proposed 5G network deployment scheme provided a useful reference for the construction of smart factory based on 5G network and other advanced information technologies.

Research on various deployment schemes and service modes of 5G base station private network module

Yingqi WEI, Yue HUANG, Shuangjiu WU

2022, 38(Z1):  164-173.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022120

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In order to promote the rapid implementation of 5G private network on the enterprise side, support enterprises to adopt 5G to transform their own network and improve network capacity, a scheme to realize minimalism, deploy minimalism and quickly build enterprise 5G private network was built.The scheme adopts 5G base station private network module to realize 5G data flow’s local breakout, that is 5G data flow can jump directly to the enterprise intranet.According to the enterprise's on-site needs, the private network can be flexibly built in the way of 1-to-1 and 1-to-N deployment, which is suitable for supporting 5G coverage of temporary venues, establishing local 5G network, industrial internet 5G bearer and other scenarios.

ICT

Industrial 5G based digital twin control platform for flexible intelligent manufacturing

Yaoqi LIU, Hongguang LI, Yiqing ZHOU, Jinglin SHI, Yingjiao MA, Manli QIAN

2022, 38(Z1):  174-183.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022121

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As the key of intelligent manufacturing, industrial Internet deeply integrates advanced manufacturing technology with industrial 5G.It runs through all links of the whole life cycle, such as material preparation, production and manufacturing, test and service.Facing the increasing demand for customization, small batch production line and deterministic and reliable communication requirements, a industrial 5G based flexible intelligent manufacturing twin control platform was proposed and designed.Specifically, it included flexible manufacturing line with flexible arrangement and on-demand production, intelligent network with industrial 5G with low delay and high reliability as the core, the digital twin control platform of data acquisition and real-time feedback.The platform combined intelligent decision mechanism to realize the closed-loop evolution of perception analysis decision execution.

ICT infrastructure based on intent-based network and service orchestration

Jie ZHANG, Jianhong XU, Yongjian ZHAO, Yunxiang GAO, Xun CHEN

2022, 38(Z1):  184-193.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022127

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Considering the complexity of communication networks and the requirement of communication business innovation, operators should upgrade their ICT infrastructure.Based on the study of intent-based network and service orchestration technology, a new ICT architecture that combines the automatic transformation of business intention and the automatic correlation of network service models were proposed.As an automatic and intelligent upgrade of the operator BOSS IT system, it aims to accelerate the process of comprehensive digital transformation of operators.

Intelligent temperature detection system based on“5G+AI”

Shan JIANG, Guocheng GONG, Tengyuan MA, Long XIAO

2022, 38(Z1):  194-202.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022122

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An intelligent temperature measurement solution based on “5G+AI” for the prevention and control of epidemic situation in COVID-19 was presented.Intelligent temperature measurement has a wide range of application scenarios in areas with dense traffic such as airports, railway stations and stations.A new AI temperature measurement architecture was proposed.The camera and infrared thermometer was used to measure temperature.The preprocessing module included image decoding, color space transformation, image correction and image normalization.Head detection model need to undergo off-line model training.Finally, through the temperature calculation module, the structured information was output.The development process of the model included data collection and annotation, model construction, model training, model optimization and model deployment.A comprehensive intelligent temperature measurement system was constructed, which integrated 5G temperature measurement hardware, OneNET access platform, monitoring application platform and mobile App.Finally, “5G+AI” intelligent temperature measurement products were successfully deployed in many cities and different application scenarios across the country.

An industrial internet business management platform that supports the cloud-native

Wenzhe WANG, Gang AN, Jian WU, Wendong ZHAO, Yangang WANG, Yunfeng ZHAO, Zixiang DI, Zhaojie GU, Guixiang ZOU

2022, 38(Z1):  203-213.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022123

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Aiming at the trend of industrial enterprises facing the evolution from the traditional business management information architecture to the cloud-native platform management, an evolutionary architecture of the transitional industrial internet business management platform was proposed, including platform base, management business domain, industrial business domain.Overall, the platform base, the management business domain, and the industrial business domain are vertically penetrated through the network to allow different levels of management business applications and industrial business applications to directly use related data.The platform realizes the sharing of integrated digital capabilities, intensification and integrated management and control, and facilitates the rapid replication and promotion of applications of industrial group enterprises and that similar subsidiaries at all levels.

Application of 5G innovative technology in the internal logistics of the iron and steel enterprise

Puyang ZHANG

2022, 38(Z1):  214-220.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022124

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With the development of the digital economy, the application of 5G in the industry has attracted increasing attention.How to make 5G bring tangible benefit improvement is an important research topic.The applications of 5G innovative technology in the internal logistics of the iron and steel enterprise area were taken as the research object, the needs of the industry were analyzed, and feasible application scenarios were proposed.The application landing situation of a logistics enterprise was mainly summarize.Opinions on the further expansion of application scenarios were put forward.The results indicate that the application of 5G innovative technology has significantly improved corporate efficiency.Useful ideas for the promotion and application of 5G in the industry were provided.

Discussion of 5G satellite dual-mode terminal requirement and application in the integration communication scenario of satellite and UTRAN

Wenzhe WANG, Gang AN, Xin LI, Weiqiang ZHANG, Zhenhua LIU, Nianqin ZHENG, Shengwei CHEN, Wendong ZHAO, Zixiang DI, Zhaojie GU

2022, 38(Z1):  221-230.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022129

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The research mainly starts from the development trend of 5G+ satellite integration, and conducts research and analysis on typical domestic and foreign satellite Internet of things/internet solutions, and then leads to application scenarios and services requirement for the development of 5G+ satellite integration, including research and discussion on the technical requirements of 5G satellite space-ground integrated dual-mode terminals, finally, the challenges faced by 5G satellite dual-mode communication terminals are given.With a view to providing industry with guidance on the challenging aspects of standardization and pre-development of 5G+ satellite dual-mode terminals, and to provide useful suggestions and references for overcoming these challenges.

Analysis of the development trend and key scenarios of smart communities based on 5G+AIoT

Nian TAO, Sheng ZHANG, Tai FU

2022, 38(Z1):  231-239.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022125

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With the continuous development and maturity of new-generation information technologies such as 5G, artificial intelligence, and the Internet of things, the construction of smart communities has entered the second half, with greater space and higher requirements.Firstly, the development status of community and business needs was analyzed.Secondly, the design ideas based on “pan-sensing, data collection, and intelligent application” was proposed for the pain points of users, such as government, property management and residents.Thirdly, an overall plan for 5G+AIoT smart community was built, focusing on wisdom community 5G application scenarios, the industrial and social benefits of smart community construction were discussed.Finally, the future development trend of smart communities was looked forward.

Architecture and key technologies of 5G power private network

Rong WANG, Jianyin ZHANG, Yue SONG, Hao ZHANG, Bin WEI

2022, 38(Z1):  240-249.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022126

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Some main aspects of 5G power private network including network architecture, key technologies and the analysis on the existing key issues aiming to large-scale commercial use were intorduced.Firstly, the service characteristics of power grid was combed for 5G application, and the 5G network capability requirements from the power grid services were introduced in details via several typical scenarios.Secondly, the 5G power private network architecture and key technologies were introduced.And also, the key issues were analyze which were still exist aiming to large-scale application according to the pilot deployment of 5G power private network.Finally, the key technologies and its future evolution of 5G power private network were described based on the business needs.It can provide a useful reference for the application and promotion of 5G network in the power grid.

Application of MEC-based positioning technology in the Internet of vehicles

Bo GU, Ting AO

2022, 38(Z1):  250-258.  doi:10.11959/j.issn.1000-0801.2022128

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Positioning is not only the cornerstone of ensuring the safe driving of vehicles, but also the foundation of many location-related services.The development and application of the positioning technology have greatly affected the development prospects of the Internet of vehicles.Mobile edge computing can migrate intensive computing tasks to the edge of the network adjacent to the car or roadside.By sinking the computing power to the edge of the network, mobile edge computing can offload the load of network transmission, save the transmission bandwidth, and support Internet of vehicles applications powerfully.It was aimed to study the integration of MEC and IoV positioning technology, and form the overall architecture of MEC-based positioning technology by analyzing the application scenarios and integration requirements of MEC integrated positioning technology in IoV.At the same time, the opportunities and challenges of the architecture were further analyzed to provide an important reference for the subsequent standardization of MEC-based positioning technology and the application in the Internet of vehicles.